Rig Veda 1.73.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 73, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.73

Rishi: Gopavana Ātreya

Devata: Agni (with supporting imagery of Ṛta, cows, rivers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतस्य हि धेनवो वावशानाः स्मदूध्नीः पीपयन्त द्युभक्ताः । परावतः सुमतिं भिक्षमाणा वि सिन्धवः समया सस्रुरद्रिम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.73.6

Transliteration

ṛtásya hí dhenávo vāvaśānā́ḥ smád-ū́dhnīḥ pī́payanta dyú-bhaktāḥ | parāvátaḥ su-matíṃ bhíkṣamāṇā ví síndhavaḥ samáyā sasrúr ádrim ||

Translation

เพราะโคแห่งฤตะ (Ṛta) ร้องก้องด้วยความยินดี จึงทำให้เต้านมพองเต็มเพื่อเรา—แจกจ่ายส่วนอันสว่างไสว. จากแดนอันไกลโพ้น วอนขอซึ่งความดำริอันดี (sumati) เหล่าสายน้ำไหลแยกและไหลรวมพร้อมกัน กดดันฝ่าศิลาแห่งเครื่องกีดขวาง.

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Word by Word

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta (cosmic order/true law)
• ऋतस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋ-क्रमे) → ‘ऋत’ (स्थापित/नियत-क्रमः, सत्य-नियमः)

• हि: for/indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• धेनवः: the milch-cows
• धेनवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावशानाः: lowing/crying out (eagerly)
• वावशानाः: कर्तृ (धेनवः के विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle (Adjective-like)
• Root: √वाश्/वाश (शब्दे/रवे) → वावशान (कृदन्त, तीव्र-आवृत्त/इच्छा-प्रवृत्ति सूचक)

• स्मत्-ऊध्नीः: (them) having udders for us / our-uddered (cows)
• स्मत्-ऊध्नीः: कर्म (पीपयन्ति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun (compound) / Adjective-like
• Root: स्मद् (अस्मद्-प्रत्ययिक ‘from us’) + ऊधन्/ऊधनी (प्रातिपदिक ‘udder’)

• पीपयन्त: they cause to drink / they make (us) drink; they fill (with milk)
• पीपयन्त: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (पाने/पायने) → causative √पायय्; reduplicated present ‘पीपय-’

• द्युभक्ताः: allotted to the sky / heaven-assigned
• द्युभक्ताः: कर्तृ (धेनवः के विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: द्यु (प्रातिपदिक ‘heaven/sky, day’) + √भज् (विभागे/सेवायाम्) → भक्त (कृदन्त ‘allotted/assigned’)

• परावतः: from afar
• परावतः: अपादान (source: ‘from afar’)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial) / Noun-like
• Root: परावत् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक ‘far away, from afar’)

• सुमतिम्: good thought/favor
• सुमतिम्: कर्म (भिक्षमाणाः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु- + मति (प्रातिपदिक ‘thought, favor, good will’)

• भिक्षमाणाः: begging/asking
• भिक्षमाणाः: कर्तृ (सिन्धवः के विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √भिक्ष् (याचने) → भिक्षमाण (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सिन्धवः: the rivers/streams
• सिन्धवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• समया: together, simultaneously
• समया: अधिकारण (manner/time adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समया (अव्यय ‘together, at the same time’; RV usage)

• सस्रुर्: they have flowed/ran
• सस्रुर्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृ (सरणे) → perfect ‘सस्रु-’

• अद्रिम्: the rock/mountain
• अद्रिम्: कर्म (सस्रुर् इत्यस्य; ‘toward/against/through the rock’ as object in RV idiom)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक ‘rock, mountain’)