Rig Veda 1.36.16: Mandala 1, Sukta 36, Mantra 16
Sukta 1.36
Rishi: Medhyātithi Kaṇva
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Jagatī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
घनेव विष्वग्वि जह्यराव्णस्तपुर्जम्भ यो अस्मध्रुक् । यो मर्त्यः शिशीते अत्यक्तुभिर्मा नः स रिपुरीशत ॥
Transliteration
ghanéva víṣvag ví jahi arā́vṇas tápuṛjambha yó asmadhrúk | yó mártyaḥ śiśī́te áty aktúbhir mā́ naḥ sá ripúr īśata ||
Translation
ดุจค้อนกระหน่ำ โปรดฟาดฟันศัตรูผู้อาฆาตให้ล้มลงทุกทิศทุกทาง—โอผู้มีขากรรไกรเร่าร้อน ผู้ใดทรยศต่อเรา ผู้ใดในหมู่มนุษย์ลับคมตนเองเกินประมาณในราตรีทั้งหลาย—ขออย่าให้ศัตรูนั้นมีอำนาจเหนือเราเลย.
Word by Word
घनेwith/like a cloud
घने:
Karaṇa (उपमान-तृतीया)
TypeNoun
Rootघन (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
विष्वक्on all sides, everywhere
विष्वक्:
Adhikaraṇa (देश/व्याप्ति-अर्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविष्वक् (अव्यय/क्रियाविशेषण)
विapart, asunder (prefix)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग)
जहिstrike! slay!
जहि:
Karma (आज्ञाक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
अराव्णःof the hostile/ill-willed one
अराव्णः:
—
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअराव्ण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अरावन्’ इति निन्दार्थक-विशेषण)
तपुर्जम्भO scorching-jawed (one)
तपुर्जम्भ:
Sambodhana
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootतपुर्जम्भ (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासः: तपु: + जम्भ)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (सापेक्ष-उपवाक्ये)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मध्रुक्the one who harms us; our betrayer
अस्मध्रुक्:
Kartā (यः…)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअस्मद् + द्रुह् (धातु √द्रुह् ‘द्रोह’), कृत्-प्रातिपदिक ‘द्रुक्’
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (सापेक्ष-उपवाक्ये)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मर्त्यःa mortal
मर्त्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
शिशीतेsharpens (himself/itself); whets
शिशीते:
Karma (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootशा/शि (धातु √शा/√शि ‘तेजने/शाणने’ → शिशीते)
अतिover, beyond; excessively
अति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अक्तुभिःwith nights/darknesses
अक्तुभिः:
Karaṇa (साधन/सहकारि)
TypeNoun
Rootअक्तु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘रात्रि/अन्धकार’ इत्यर्थे वैदिक)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध-अव्यय)
नःto us / of us
नः:
Sampradāna (हित/अहित-लक्ष्ये) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
रिपुःenemy
रिपुः:
Kartā (सः रिपुः…)
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
ईशतmay (he) rule/prevail
ईशत:
Karma (प्रार्थित-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु √ईश् ‘ईश्वरे/प्रभुत्वे’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.