Rig Veda 1.170.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 170, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.170
Rishi: Agastya (self-referential dialogue/poetic persona; often treated as conversational frame)
Devata: Indra–Maruts / poetic interlocution (the verse addresses Agastya explicitly)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
किं नो भ्रातरगस्त्य सखा सन्नति मन्यसे । विद्मा हि ते यथा मनोऽस्मभ्यमिन्न दित्ससि ॥
Transliteration
kíṃ no bhrātar agastya sakhā́ sán áti manyase | vidmā́ hí te yáthā máno ’smábhyam ínna dítsasi ||
Translation
โอ้พี่น้องอคัสตยะ แม้เป็นสหาย เหตุใดท่านจึงคิดเกินประมาณ? เรารู้แท้ถึงสภาพแห่งใจของท่าน; ท่านมิได้ประสงค์จะมอบตนแก่เราโดยแท้
Word by Word
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma (प्रश्नार्थे—‘what’ as object of ‘मन्यसे’)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna/सम्बन्ध (possessive—‘of us/for us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
भ्रातर्O brother
भ्रातर्:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
अगस्त्यO Agastya
अगस्त्य:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeProper Noun
Rootअगस्त्य (ऋषिनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सखाO friend
सखा:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि
सन्being
सन्:
Kartā (participial—subject qualifier of the addressee)
TypeParticiple
Rootअस् (धातु) → सन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
अतिoverly / too much
अति:
— (modifies the verbal idea)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति
मन्यसेyou think / suppose
मन्यसे:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
विद्मwe know
विद्म:
Kriyā (main verb of 2nd clause)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (वेद)
हिindeed / for
हि:
— (emphasis/causal particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive—‘your’)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
यथाhow / as
यथा:
— (introduces content clause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मनःmind / intention
मनः:
Karma (object/content known: ‘your mind/intent’)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
अस्मभ्यम्to us
अस्मभ्यम्:
Sampradāna (recipient—‘to us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
इत्just / indeed
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
दित्ससिyou wish/intend to give
दित्ससि:
Kriyā (verb of giving-intent)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति) → desiderative दित्सति
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