Rig Veda 1.170.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 170, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.170
Rishi: Agastya
Devata: Agni (as ritual and inner fire) within the Indra-Marut reconciliation frame
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अरं कृण्वन्तु वेदिं समग्निमिन्धतां पुरः । तत्रामृतस्य चेतनं यज्ञं ते तनवावहै ॥
Transliteration
áraṃ kṛṇvantu védim sám agním indhatāṃ puráḥ | tátrāmṛ́tasya cétanaṃ yajñáṃ te tanavāvahai ||
Translation
ขอให้เขาทั้งหลายจัดเตรียมแท่นบูชา และจุดไฟอัคนีไว้เบื้องหน้า ณ ที่นั้น ขอให้เราทั้งหลายแผ่ขยายยัญญะเพื่อท่าน—ยัญญะอันเป็นความตื่นรู้แห่งอมฤตะ
Word by Word
अरम्duly, properly
अरम्:
विशेषण-भाव (क्रियाविशेषण; manner) of कृण्वन्तु
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअरम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) / PIE *h₂er- ‘fit, proper’ (traditional: ‘sufficiently, duly’)
कृण्वन्तुlet them make
कृण्वन्तु:
क्रिया (predicate); implied kartā = ‘they’ (ritual performers/priests)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (कृणोति) धातु
वेदिम्the altar
वेदिम्:
कर्म (object of कृण्वन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootवेदी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘altar’
सम्together, completely
सम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (prefix to इन्धताम: ‘together/fully’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अग्निम्Agni; the fire
अग्निम्:
कर्म (object of इन्धताम)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्धताम्let them kindle
इन्धताम्:
क्रिया (predicate); implied kartā = ‘they’
TypeVerb
Rootइन्ध् (इन्धते/इन्धति) धातु ‘kindle’
पुरःin front, at the fore
पुरः:
अधिकारण (locative sense: ‘in front/at the fore’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय/निपात; also used as adverb) ‘in front’
तत्रthere
तत्र:
अधिकारण (place) for तनवावहै/यज्ञम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय) ‘there’
अमृतस्यof immortality / of the immortal (essence)
अमृतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) qualifying चेतनम्
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘immortal(ity), ambrosia’
चेतनम्the enlivening (power), the consciousness
चेतनम्:
कर्म (object in apposition with यज्ञम्; what is to be ‘brought/produced’)
TypeNoun
Rootचेतन (प्रातिपदिक) ‘perception, consciousness; enlivening’ (from √चित् ‘to perceive’)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
कर्म (object of तनवावहै; in apposition to चेतनम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sacrifice’ (from √यज्)
तेfor you; your
ते:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘for you/your’ with यज्ञम्)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (युष्मद्) सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक
तनवावहैlet us two bring forth / carry out
तनवावहै:
क्रिया (predicate); kartā = ‘we two’ (dual speakers/priests)
TypeVerb
Root√वह् ‘to carry, convey’ with preverb तन्-/तनु? (RV compound-verb: तनु-आ-वह् ‘to bring forth/produce, to carry out’)
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