Rig Veda 1.164.48: Mandala 1, Sukta 164, Mantra 48
Sukta 1.164
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Aucathya
Devata: Kāla/Ṛta (Time as ordered Wheel); the hidden One who holds the cycle
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
द्वादश प्रधयश्चक्रमेकं त्रीणि नभ्यानि क उ तच्चिकेत । तस्मिन्त्साकं त्रिशता न शङ्कवोऽर्पिताः षष्टिर्न चलाचलासः ॥
Transliteration
dvā́daśa pradháyaś cakrám ékaṃ trī́ṇi nábhyāni ká u tát ciketa | tásmin tsā́kaṃ triśatā́ ná śaṅkávo’rpitā́ḥ ṣaṣṭír ná calācalā́saḥ ||
Translation
กงล้อเดียวมีซี่สิบสอง มีดุมสาม—ใครเล่ารู้แจ้งสิ่งนี้โดยแท้? บนกงนั้นมีสามร้อยหกสิบตรึงร่วมกันดุจหมุด มิหวั่นไหวทั้งที่เคลื่อนไหว เคลื่อนไหวทั้งที่มิหวั่นไหว.
Word by Word
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
विशेषणम् (कर्तृपदस्य/विषयस्य)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootद्वादश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) < द्वा + दश
प्रधयःrims (fellies)
प्रधयः:
कर्तृ/विषय (उक्त-संख्याया विशेष्यः)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रधि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘चक्रस्य प्रधिः’ = फेल्ली/रिम्)
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
कर्म (चिकेत् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक) < √चक्र्/√कृ (चक्र-निर्माण/चक्र-भाव)
एकम्one
एकम्:
विशेषणम् (कर्मपदस्य)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootएक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
विशेषणम् (नाभ्यानि इति)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
नाभ्यानिnaves / hubs
नाभ्यानि:
कर्म (चिकेत् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootनाभि (प्रातिपदिक)
कःwho?
कः:
कर्तृ (चिकेत् इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उindeed / then (emphatic particle)
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (चिकेत् इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चिकेतwould perceive/understand
चिकेत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (चेतति/चिकेत) ‘to perceive, understand’
तस्मिन्in that / in it
तस्मिन्:
अधिकारण (in it)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
साकम्together (with)
साकम्:
सह-सम्बन्ध (co-participation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम् (अव्यय; सहार्थे)
त्रिशताःthree hundred
त्रिशताः:
विशेषणम् (कर्तृ/विषय)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootत्रिशत (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक; त्रि + शत)
नlike / as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
शङ्कवःpegs/pins (spokes)
शङ्कवः:
कर्तृ/विषय (अर्पिताः इति)
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘peg, pin, spoke/bolt’ (चक्र-रचनायाम्)
अर्पिताःfastened / fixed
अर्पिताः:
क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (predicate: ‘are fastened’)
TypeVerb (past participle)
Root√अर्प् (अर्पयति) ‘to fasten, fix, set’
षष्टिःsixty
षष्टिः:
कर्तृ/विषय (अचलाः इति)
TypeNoun/Numeral
Rootषष्टि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
चलाःmoving
चलाः:
विशेषणम् (षष्टिः इत्यस्य/सम्बद्ध-विषयस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootचल (प्रातिपदिक) < √चल् ‘to move’
अचलाःunmoving
अचलाः:
विशेषणम् (षष्टिः इत्यस्य/सम्बद्ध-विषयस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootअचल (प्रातिपदिक) a- + चल
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