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Rig Veda 1.164.47: Mandala 1, Sukta 164, Mantra 47

Sukta 1.164

Rishi: Dīrghatamas Aucathya
Devata: Solar/radiant powers (Suparṇa/Harayaḥ) working with Waters under Ṛta
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कृष्णं नियानं हरयः सुपर्णा अपो वसाना दिवमुत्पतन्ति । त आववृत्रन्त्सदनादृतस्यादिद्घृतेन पृथिवी व्युद्यते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.164.47
Transliteration

kṛṣṇáṃ niyā́naṃ háryaḥ suparṇā́ apó vásānā divám út patanti | tá āvavṛtrán sádānād ṛtásyā́did ghṛténa pr̥thivī́ vyùdyate ||

Translation

พลังทั้งหลายผู้มีปีกงาม สีเหลืองอมน้ำตาล ห่มคลุมด้วยสายน้ำ บินขึ้นสู่สวรรค์จากทางลงอันมืดดำ. พวกเขาหวนกลับจากที่ประทับแห่ง ṛta (ระเบียบอันเที่ยงธรรมของจักรวาล); แล้วแผ่นดินก็ส่องประกายปรากฏ ถูกเจิมด้วย ghṛta (แสงใสบริสุทธิ์ดุจเนยใส).

Word by Word
कृष्णम्dark, black
कृष्णम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-विशेषणभावेन ‘नियानम्’ इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *krs-no- (dark)
नियानम्the downward course/leading; descent
नियानम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (action/result) / Adjectival noun
Rootनि-यान (प्रातिपदिक) < √या (गमन) with नि-; ‘going down/leading down’
हरयःthe tawny ones (steeds/rays)
हरयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
सुपर्णाःfair-winged
सुपर्णाः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-पर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
अपःwaters
अपः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
वसानाःwearing, clothing themselves with
वसानाः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (adjectival)
Root√वस् (आच्छादन) → वसाना (वर्तमानकृदन्त)
दिवम्to heaven, the sky
दिवम्:
कर्म (उत्पतन्ति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्पतन्तिthey fly up
उत्पतन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√पत् (गत्यर्थ) वर्तमान
तेthey
ते:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
आtowards, back
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
आववृत्रन्they turned back/returned
आववृत्रन्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृत् (वर्तने/आवरणे) ; Vedic injunctive/aorist-like form
सदनात्from the seat/abode
सदनात्:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootसदन (प्रातिपदिक) < √सद् (सीदने) ‘seat, abode’
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (सदनात् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
आत्then, thereupon
आत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआत् (निपात; ‘then/thereupon’)
इत्indeed
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात; emphatic)
घृतेनwith ghee (clarified butter)
घृतेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिवीthe Earth
पृथिवी:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
व्युद्यतेshines forth, is illumined
व्युद्यते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-उद्-√द्युत्/√द्युत् (दीप्तौ) ; passive/ātmanepada present
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