Rig Veda 1.117.9: Mandala 1, Sukta 117, Mantra 9

Sukta 1.117

Rishi: Kakṣīvat Dairghatamasa (trad.)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पुरू वर्पांस्यश्विना दधाना नि पेदव ऊहथुराशुमश्वम् । सहस्रसां वाजिनमप्रतीतमहिहनं श्रवस्यं तरुत्रम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.117.9

Transliteration

purū́ varpā́ṃsy aśvinā dádhānā ní pédava ūhathur āśúm aśvám | sahasrasā́ṃ vājínam ápratītam ahihánaṃ śravasyáṃ tarútram ||

Translation

โอ อัศวิน ท่านผู้ทรงสวมรูปนานา ได้พาม้าผู้ว่องไวลงมาเพื่อเปฑุ—ม้าผู้ชนะพันครั้ง ผู้ไม่อาจพิชิตได้ยามบุก ผู้สังหารพลังงู ผู้เปี่ยมด้วยศราวัส (śravas) ผู้กู้ภัยอันแข็งแกร่ง: พลังที่รวมแน่นเพื่อการเดินทางแห่งชัยชนะ.

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Word by Word

• पुरू: many, numerous
• पुरू: विशेषण (कर्म-सम्बन्धः) — ‘वर्पांसि’ इति विशेषयति
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्पांसि: forms, outward shapes
• वर्पांसि: कर्म (ऊहथुः/ऊहथुर् इत्यस्य) — ‘forms/appearances’
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्पस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘form/appearance/covering’)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (the two horsemen gods)
• अश्विना: सम्बोधन (आह्वान) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः (ऊहथुः कर्तारौ)
• Type: Noun (Deity name)
• Root: अश्विन्- (प्रातिपदिक; द्विवचन-देवता)

• दधानाः: bearing, putting on
• दधानाः: कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (अश्विनौ) — ‘bearing/placing’
• Type: Participle
• Root: धा (धातु) → दधाना- (शतृ/शानच् वर्तमानकृदन्त)

• नि: down, into
• नि: क्रियाविशेषण (दिशा/प्रवृत्तिविशेषः) — ‘down/into’
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• पेदवः: feet, hooves
• पेदवः: कर्म (नि-ऊहथुः) — ‘feet/hoofs’
• Type: Noun
• Root: पेदु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘foot/hoof’)

• ऊहथुः: you two conveyed/brought
• ऊहथुः: क्रिया (कर्तृ: अश्विनौ; कर्म: पेदवः/वर्पांसि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऊह् (धातु; ‘to convey/bring/transport’)

• आशुम्: swift
• आशुम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘अश्वम्’ इति विशेषयति
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्वम्: horse
• अश्वम्: कर्म (ऊहथुः) — ‘horse’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सहस्रसाम्: winning a thousand (prizes)
• सहस्रसाम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘वाजिनम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहस्र-सा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘winning a thousand’ / ‘having a thousand gains’)

• वाजिनम्: a prize-winning (steed)
• वाजिनम्: कर्म (ऊहथुः) — ‘prize-winning steed’
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prize-winning/steed’)

• अप्रतीतम्: unmatched, unsurpassed
• अप्रतीतम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘वाजिनम्/अश्वम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- + प्रतीत- (प्रातिपदिक; √इ/√प्रि? ‘to be known/recognized’ → ‘pratīta’)

• अहिहनम्: serpent-slaying
• अहिहनम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘वाजिनम्/अश्वम्’
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: अहि-हन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘serpent-slayer’)

• श्रवस्यम्: glorious, renowned
• श्रवस्यम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘वाजिनम्/अश्वम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रवस्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘famed, glorious’)

• तरुत्रम्: victorious, overcoming
• तरुत्रम्: विशेषण (कर्म) — ‘वाजिनम्/अश्वम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तरुत्र- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘overcoming, victorious’)