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Rig Veda 10.39.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 39, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.39

Devata
Aśvins
Chandas
Trishtubh/Jagati
Rasa
Karuna (compassion) and Shanta (peace)

अमाजुरश्चिद्भवथो युवं भगोऽनाशोश्चिदवितारापमस्य चित् । अन्धस्य चिन्नासत्या कृशस्य चिद्युवामिदाहुर्भिषजा रुतस्य चित् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.39.3

amā́juraś cid bhavatho yuváṃ bhágo 'nā́śoś cid avitā́rā apamá sya cit | andhásya cin nāsatyā kṛśásya cid yuvā́m id ā́hur bhiṣájā rutásya cit ||

வலிமையற்றவர்க்கும் நீங்கள் பாக்யமாகிறீர்கள்; ஆதாரமற்றவர்க்கும் நீங்கள் காப்பாளர்கள்; இகழப்பட்டவர்க்கும். ஓ நாஸத்யர்களே! குருடர்க்கும், சுருங்கிய-சோர்ந்தவர்க்கும்—ஆம், ‘ருத்’ (ஆர்த்தக் குரல்/காயத்தின் அழைப்பு) என்பதற்கும் நீங்கள் ‘பிஷஜ்’ (மருத்துவர்) என அழைக்கப்படுகிறீர்கள்.

अमाजुः
even the helpless/poor manAdjectiveपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्Role कर्तृ (भवथो इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Root अमाजु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अमाजु’ = अल्प/दीन/असमर्थ) अथवा न-मा-जु (निश्चित व्युत्पत्तिः अनिश्चित)
चिद्
even, indeedIndeclinableनिपातः (अवधारण/अपि-अर्थे)Root चिद् (निपात)
भवथो
you two are / becomeVerbलट् (वर्तमान), मध्यमपुरुषः, द्विवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्Role क्रियाRoot भू (धातु)
युवम्
you twoPronounप्रथमा, द्विवचनम्Role कर्तृRoot युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
भगः
good fortune; beneficenceNounपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्ध/विशेष्य (भवथो इत्यस्य विधेय-नाम)Root भग (प्रातिपदिक)
अनाशोः
of the imperishableAdjectiveपुंलिङ्गः/नपुंसकलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्ध (भगस्य)Root अ-नाश (प्रातिपदिक; ‘नाश’=नाश/क्षय; अ-नाश=अविनाश/अक्षय)
चित्
evenIndeclinableनिपातःRoot चिद् (निपात)
अवितारौ
(you two) protectorsNounपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, द्विवचनम्Role कर्तृ/विधेय (युवम् इत्यस्य)Root अवितृ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अवितृ’=रक्षक/सहायक)
अपमस्य
of the work/deed (of help)Nounनपुंसकलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्ध (अवितारौ इत्यस्य)Root अपम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अपम’=कर्म/कार्य, विशेषतः ‘अपमस्’ = कार्य/उपकार)
चित्
evenIndeclinableनिपातःRoot चिद् (निपात)
च
andIndeclinableसमुच्चयार्थकःRoot च (निपात)
अन्धस्य
of the blindNoun/Adjectiveपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्ध (भिषजा इत्यस्य—‘as physicians of…’)Root अन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्
evenIndeclinableनिपातःRoot चिद् (निपात)
नासत्या
O Nāsatyas (Aśvins)Noun (Vocative)पुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन, द्विवचनम्Role सम्बोधनRoot नासत्य (प्रातिपदिक; अश्विनौ)
कृशस्य
of the emaciated/weakAdjectiveपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्धRoot कृश (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्
evenIndeclinableनिपातःRoot चिद् (निपात)
युवाम्
you twoPronounद्वितीया, द्विवचनम्Role कर्म (आहुः इत्यस्य)Root युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
इद्
indeedIndeclinableनिपातः (एव/खलु-अर्थे)Root इद् (निपात)
आहुः
they have said / callVerbलिट् (परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण), प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्Role क्रियाRoot अह्/ब्रू (धातु; वैदिक ‘अह्’ = ‘कथने’)
भिषजा
as physiciansNounपुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम् (instrumental of role: ‘as a physician’)Role करण/भाव-करण (युवाम्—‘you two’ in the capacity of)Root भिषज् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वैद्य/चिकित्सक’)
रुतस्य
of the wounded/strickenAdjectiveपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्धRoot रुत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘रुत’=आहत/क्षत/व्रणित, ‘wounded/struck’)
चित्
evenIndeclinableनिपातःRoot चिद् (निपात)
  • पदच्छेदः (वैदिक-सन्धि-निरसनम्): अमाजुः चित् भवथो युवम् भगः अनाशोः चित् अवितारौ अपमस्य चित् च । अन्धस्य चित् नासत्या कृशस्य चित् युवाम् इद् आहुः भिषजा रुतस्य चित् । प्रमुख-सन्धयः: (1) चिद्भवथो = चित् + भवथो (द् + भ → द्भ)
  • (2) भगोऽनाशोः = भगः + अनाशोः (विसर्ग + अ → ‘ओऽ’)
  • (3) अवितारापमस्य = अवितारौ + अपमस्य (औ + अ → आ; लेखे ‘अवितारा…’)
  • (4) चिद्यु॒वामिदा॑हुः = चित् + युवाम् + इद् + आहुः (द् + य → द्य; म् + इ → मि)

Outer meaning

The Aśvins are praised as helpers of the weak, protectors of the poor and despised, and healers even for the blind, the emaciated, and those crying from wounds.

Inner meaning

The Twins are invoked as the restoring powers for every deficiency-state: lack of strength (amājura), lack of substance (anāśa), social/inner rejection (apamasya), blindness (andha = obscured perception), and wasting weakness (kṛśa). They are physicians of the ‘wounded cry’ (ruta): the raw inner call of the soul-nature when struck by pain, error, or resistance. Psychologically, this is assurance that no part of the being is beyond rapid divine repair.

Universal truth

Grace meets the human at the point of incapacity; the healing power of consciousness is most active where the being admits need and calls sincerely.

Themes

healing, rescue, aid-to-the-weak, restoration

Other hymns
Rig Veda 10.39.1-14 (same hymn cycle)

Significance

The anonymity here fits a universalizing tone: the mantra speaks for all conditions of human limitation, making the seer a representative voice of the struggling embodied consciousness.

Devata
Aśvins (Nāsatyā)
Epithets
Nāsatyā, Avitārā (saviours), Bhiṣajā (healers), Mayobhuvā (delight-bringers)
Related deities
Uṣas, Sūrya, Sarasvatī (inspiration/healing speech), Rudra (healing aspect)

Cosmic role

Restorers of wholeness and right functioning; bring safe transitions (night→dawn, sickness→health, ignorance→sight).

Inner power

Therapeutic illumination: they mend perception, renew vitality, and replace inner poverty with bhaga (divine share).

Where it is used

Aśvin praise in Soma-related sequences; general healing/protection invocation

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