Rig Veda 9.53.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 53, Mantra 1
Sukta 9.53
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with ritual epithet adrivaḥ)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उत्ते शुष्मासो अस्थू रक्षो भिन्दन्तो अद्रिवः । नुदस्व याः परिस्पृधः ॥
Transliteration
út te śúṣmāso asthū rakṣó bhindánto adrivaḥ | nudásva yā́ḥ pari-spṛ́dhaḥ ||
Translation
उत्ते शुष्मासो अस्थू रक्षो भिन्दन्तो अद्रिवः । नुदस्व याः परिस्पृधः ॥
Word by Word
उत्up, forth (intensifier/preverb)
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग) / ud (preverb)
तेof you / your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शुष्मासःimpulses, powers, mights
शुष्मासः:
कर्तृ (of अस्थुः)
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्थुःhave stood up / have arisen
अस्थुः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
रक्षःdemon, evil spirit (Rākṣas)
रक्षः:
कर्म (of भिन्दन्तः)
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
भिन्दन्तःsplitting, cleaving
भिन्दन्तः:
कर्तृ (with implied subject ‘they/your powers’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootभिद् (धातु)
अद्रिवःO stone-holder (one with the pressing-stones)
अद्रिवः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootअद्रि-वन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘stone-possessing’)
नुदस्वthrust away, drive off
नुदस्व:
—
TypeVerb
Rootनुद् (धातु)
याःwhich (fem. pl.), those whom
याः:
कर्म (of नुदस्व)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परिस्पृधःrival (women/forces), hostile opponents
परिस्पृधः:
कर्म (apposition to याः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपरि-√स्पृध् → परिस्पृध् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘rival/hostile’)
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