Rig Veda 4.11.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 11, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.11
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; confirm by metrical scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वामग्ने प्रथमं देवयन्तो देवं मर्ता अमृत मन्द्रजिह्वम् । द्वेषोयुतमा विवासन्ति धीभिर्दमूनसं गृहपतिममूरम् ॥
Transliteration
tvā́m agne prathamáṃ devayánto deváṃ mártā amṛta mandrájihvam | dveṣoyutám ā́ vivāsanti dhībhír damū́nasaṃ gṛhápatiṃ amū́ram ||
Translation
त्वामग्ने प्रथमे देवयन्तो मर्त्या देवं अमृत मन्द्रजिह्वम् उपयन्ति प्रज्वालयन्ति च। धियाभिस्त्वां निवासयन्ति—द्वेषोयुतं निवारयन्तं दमूनसं गृहपतिममूरम्, अन्तर्गृहं ऋतेन नयन्तम्।
Word by Word
त्वाम्you (as object)
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमम्first, at the beginning
प्रथमम्:
विशेषण/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
देवयन्तःseeking the gods / god-ward
देवयन्तः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण ‘मर्ताः’)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootदेवयन्त् (देव + √यम्/यत् ‘to strive/seek’; इच्छार्थक वर्तमान कृदन्त)
देवम्the god
देवम्:
कर्म (त्वाम्-देवम्: ‘you, the god’)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्ताःmortals
मर्ताः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
अमृतO immortal one
अमृत:
सम्बोधन (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्द्रजिह्वम्having a pleasant tongue (flame)
मन्द्रजिह्वम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द्र-जिह्व (समास; मन्द्र ‘sweet/pleasant’ + जिह्व ‘tongue’)
द्वेषोयुतम्(that which is) yoked with hostility; hostile (thing/force)
द्वेषोयुतम्:
कर्म/लक्ष्य
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वेषस् + युत (समास; ‘joined with/attended by hatred/hostility’)
आtowards, up
आ:
दिशा/प्रवृत्तिनिमित्त
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विवासन्तिthey serve / they cause to shine forth / they attend
विवासन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √वास् (वस्) ‘to dwell/abide; (Vedic) to shine forth/serve’
धीभिःwith thoughts, with hymnic insights
धीभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
दमूनसम्the house-dwelling/house-helping one
दमूनसम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदमूनस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of the house’, ‘house-friend/house-lord’—Agni as domestic)
गृहपतिम्the lord of the house
गृहपतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootगृहपति (समास; गृह ‘house’ + पति ‘lord’)
अमूरम्unerring, not deluded
अमूरम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअमूर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘not-foolish’, ‘unerring’, ‘wise’)
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