Rig Veda 10.99.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 99, Mantra 7
Sukta 10.99
Devata: Indraic heroic power; Nahuṣa as heroic exemplar (semi-mythic)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स द्रुह्वणे मनुष ऊर्ध्वसान आ साविषदर्शसानाय शरुम् । स नृतमो नहुषोऽस्मत्सुजातः पुरोऽभिनदर्हन्दस्युहत्ये ॥
Transliteration
sá druhváṇe mánuṣa ūrdhvasāná ā́ sāviṣad arśasānā́ya śárum | sá nṛ́tamo náhuṣo 'smát sujā́taḥ púro 'bhinad árhan dasyuhátye ||
Translation
स ऊर्ध्वसानो द्रुह्वणे मनुषे आ साविषद्—अभिदर्शसानाय शरुम्। स नृतमो नहुषोऽस्मत्सुजातः, पुरोऽभिनद्—अर्हन् दस्युहत्ये।
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
द्रुह्वणेto/for the hostile one
द्रुह्वणे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुह्वण (प्रातिपदिक; द्रुह् ‘to harm, be hostile’ से)
मनुषेto/for Manu (the man)
मनुषे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootमनुṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊर्ध्वसानःrising up / standing upright
ऊर्ध्वसानः:
Kartā (सः के विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Rootऊर्ध्व- + √सा/सि (सा ‘to bind/attach’ अथवा ‘to set/raise’; कृत्-प्रत्यय -आन)
आtowards, forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
साविषत्he impelled / set in motion
साविषत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√सू (सव्) ‘to impel, set in motion’ (Vedic: aorist)
दर्शसानायfor the splendid/visible one
दर्शसानाय:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootदर्शसान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दर्श’ + ‘सान’—‘showing/visible, splendid’)
शरुम्a weapon; missile
शरुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरु (प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नृतमःmost manly / best of men
नृतमः:
Kartā (सः के विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootनृतम (प्रातिपदिक; नृ ‘man’ + तम (superlative))
नहुषःNahusha
नहुषः:
Kartā (सः के समानाधिकरणम्)
TypeProper Noun
Rootनहुष (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
अस्मत्among us
अस्मत्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुजातःwell-born
सुजातः:
Kartā (सः के विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective / Past Participle
Rootसु- + जात (√जन् ‘to be born’ क्त)
पुरःfortresses
पुरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिनत्he shattered / broke (with a crash)
अभिनत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√नद् ‘to roar, resound; (by extension) to smite/break with a crash’
अर्हन्being able; mighty
अर्हन्:
Kartā (सः के विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Rootअर्हत् (प्रातिपदिक; present participle of √अर्ह् ‘to be worthy/able’)
दस्युहत्येin the slaying of the Dasyus
दस्युहत्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदस्यु-हत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘slaying of Dasyus’)
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