Rig Veda 10.28.10: Mandala 10, Sukta 28, Mantra 10
Sukta 10.28
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable, based on Mandala 10 norm for narrative/comparative verses; requires metrical counting to confirm)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सुपर्ण इत्था नखमा सिषायावरुद्धः परिपदं न सिंहः । निरुद्धश्चिन्महिषस्तर्ष्यावान्गोधा तस्मा अयथं कर्षदेतत् ॥
Transliteration
suparṇá itthā nákham ā́ siṣāyā́varuddhaḥ paripádaṃ ná siṃháḥ | niruddháś cid mahiṣás tarṣyā́vān godhā́ tásmā ayátham karṣad etát ||
Translation
सुपर्णोऽपि यथा नखमासिषायाव् अवरुद्धः परिपदं न सिंहः; निरुद्धश्चिन्महिषस्तर्ष्यावान् न निष्क्रामति। तस्मै गोधा अयथं कर्षत्येतत्—दुर्नीतस्य गत्याः लक्षणम्।
Word by Word
सुपर्णःthe fair-winged one (bird)
सुपर्णः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसु-पर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) < पर्ण
इत्थाthus, in this manner
इत्था:
अधिकारण (रीति/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
नखम्claw, nail
नखम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनख (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सिषायhas sharpened / whetted
सिषाय:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सा/सि (धातु; ‘to sharpen/whet’), परस्मैपद
अवरुद्धःshut in, confined
अवरुद्धः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव-√रुध् (धातु) → अवरुद्ध (कृदन्त)
परिपदम्the surrounding track/footing; the circuit
परिपदम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपरि-पद (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
सिंहःa lion
सिंहः:
कर्तृ (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
निरुद्धःshut in, restrained
निरुद्धः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√रुध् (धातु) → निरुद्ध (कृदन्त)
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय/निपात)
महिषःa buffalo/bull
महिषः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमहिष (प्रातिपदिक)
तर्ष्यावान्thirsting, eager
तर्ष्यावान्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतर्ष्यावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thirsty, eager’)
गोधाःan iguana / large lizard
गोधाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगोधा (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
अयथम्not rightly, improperly
अयथम्:
अधिकारण (रीति/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअ-यथा (अव्यय)
कर्षत्drew, dragged
कर्षत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कृष् (धातु; ‘to draw/drag/plough’), परस्मैपद
एतत्this
एतत्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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