Rig Veda 1.75.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 75, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.75

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa (traditional; verify)

Devata: Agni (primary), with Mitra-Varuṇa and the Viśve Devāḥ invoked through him

Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely; confirm metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यजा नो मित्रावरुणा यजा देवाँ ऋतं बृहत् । अग्ने यक्षि स्वं दमम् ॥

Transliteration

yájā no mitrā́varuṇā yájā devā́m̐ ṛtáṃ bṛhát | agne yákṣi sváṃ dámam ||

Translation

यजा नो मित्रावरुणौ; यजा देवान् ऋतं बृहत्। अग्ने, यक्षि स्वं दमम्।

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Word by Word

• यजा: sacrifice/worship (you should offer)
• यजा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu)

• नः: for us / our
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary) / Possessor
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• मित्रावरुणा: O Mitra and Varuṇa
• मित्रावरुणा: Sambodhana (addressed) / intended recipients of offering
• Type: Noun (dual deity-name compound)
• Root: मित्र + वरुण (prātipadika; dvandva)

• यजा: worship/offer
• यजा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma (object of ‘yaj’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• ऋतम्: ṛta: cosmic order/truth
• ऋतम्: Karma / internal object (what is to be established/served) or adverbial accusative
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (prātipadika)

• बृहत्: great, lofty
• बृहत्: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त् (prātipadika)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana (addressed) / agent invoked
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (prātipadika)

• यक्षि: worship/offer (perform the sacrifice)
• यक्षि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu; Vedic present stem yakṣ-)

• स्वम्: your own
• स्वम्: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier) / possessive
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: स्व (prātipadika)

• दमम्: house, home, abode
• दमम्: Karma (object; ‘house/home’ as goal of bringing/leading the rite) / adverbial accusative of goal
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम (prātipadika)