Atharva Veda 15.2.30: Kanda 15, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 30

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ च॒ पव॑मानश्च विपथवा॒हौ वातः॒ सार॑थी रे॒ष्मा प्र॑तो॒दः

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 15.2.30

IAST Transliteration

mātáriśvā́ ca pavámānaś ca vipáthavā́hau vā́taḥ sā́rathī reśmā́ pratodáḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Mātariśvan and Pavamāna—those two that bear along the path: Wind is the charioteer, the rein, the goad.

Translation

मातरिश्वा च पवमानश्च—एतौ द्वौ पथवाहौ; वातः सारथिः, रश्मिः रज्जुः, प्रतोदः कशः।

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Word by Word

• मातरिश्वा: Mātariśvan (a divine being, often identified with the wind/fire-bringer)
• मातरिश्वा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: मातरिश्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पवमानः: the purifying one; (also an epithet of Soma/wind)
• पवमानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: पवमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पू/पु ‘to purify, to blow’ से वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विपथवाहौ: the two who carry/drive on (or away from) the wrong path
• विपथवाहौ: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective (dual epithet)
• Root: विपथ-वाह (समास-प्रातिपदिक: विपथ ‘wrong path’ + वाह ‘carrier/driver’)

• वातः: Wind
• वातः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)

• सारथी: charioteer
• सारथी: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेष्मा: rein; bridle
• रेष्मा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेष्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतोदः: goad; whip
• प्रतोदः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतोद (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally connected with Vratya/Angirasic transmission in AV 15 (attribution varies by anukramaṇī traditions)

Devata: Mātariśvan, Pavamāna (Soma-purifier), Vāta (Wind) as functional deities of motion and purification

Chandas: Mixed/irregular prose-like triṣṭubh tendencies in AV 15 context (often non-RV regularity)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: vira