Varaha Purana 78.3: Adhyaya 78, Shloka 3

Names of the Four Directional Mountain-Kings and Their Lakes

Rudra’s Geographical Description

Devanagari script

किन्नरोद्गीतघुष्टानि शीतमन्दसुगन्धिभिः । पवनैः सेव्यमानानि रमणीयतराणि च ॥ ७८.३ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 78.3

Transliteration

kinnarodgītaghuṣṭāni śītamandasugandhibhiḥ | pavanaiḥ sevyamānāni ramaṇīyatarāṇi ca || 78.3 ||

Translation

അവ കിന്നരരുടെ ഗീതധ്വനികളാൽ മുഴങ്ങുന്നു; ശീതളവും മന്ദവുമായ സുഗന്ധപവനങ്ങൾ അവയെ സേവിക്കുന്നതിനാൽ അത്യന്തം രമണീയമാകുന്നു.

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Word by Word

• किन्नर-उद्गीत-घुष्टानि: resounding with songs sung by Kinnaras
• किन्नर-उद्गीत-घुष्टानि: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: किन्नर (प्रातिपदिक) + उद्गीत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + घुष्ट (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘किन्नरैः उद्गीतम्’ (kinnara-sung) तेन ‘घुष्ट’ (resounded)

• शीत-मन्द-सुगन्धिभिः: cool, gentle, and fragrant
• शीत-मन्द-सुगन्धिभिः: विशेषण (of ‘पवनैः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक) + मन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + सुगन्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण-द्वन्द्व (शीतैः च मन्दैः च सुगन्धिभिः च) पवनैः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• पवनैः: by winds
• पवनैः: करण (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सेव्यमानानि: being attended/caressed
• सेव्यमानानि: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सेव् (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकर्मणि कृदन्त (present passive participle; -यमान), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘being served/attended’

• रमणीय-तराणि: more delightful
• रमणीय-तराणि: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रमणीय (प्रातिपदिक) + तर (तुलनाप्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तुलनात्मक (comparative)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Vaishnavism
• Ancient Geography
• Ecological Aesthetics

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It exemplifies a common Purāṇic literary mode: describing sacred or exemplary landscapes through sensory markers (sound, scent, climate), reflecting how cultural heritage sites were imagined as ecologically harmonious and aesthetically ideal.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific toponym is present in this verse fragment; it contributes to a broader landscape description within Adhyāya 78 rather than identifying a single named site.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Implicitly, the verse frames an ideal environment as cool, gentle, and fragrant—supporting a philosophical valuation of balanced, life-sustaining natural conditions as part of cultural and sacred geography.