Varaha Purana 40.3: Adhyaya 40, Shloka 3

Ritual Procedure for the Kūrma Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

तस्यां प्रागेव संकल्प्य प्राग्वत् स्नान्नादिकाः क्रियाः । निर्वर्त्याराधयेद् रात्र्यामेकादश्यां जनार्दनम् । पृथङ्मन्त्रैर्मुनिश्रेष्ठ देवदेवं जनार्दनम् ॥ ४०.३ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 40.3

Transliteration

tasyāṃ prāgeva saṅkalpya prāgvat snānnādikāḥ kriyāḥ | nirvartyārādhayed rātryām ekādaśyāṃ janārdanam | pṛthaṅ-mantrair muniśreṣṭha devadevaṃ janārdanam || 40.3 ||

Translation

ആ തിഥിക്കായി ആദ്യം സംകല്പം ചെയ്ത്, മുൻപുപോലെ സ്നാനാദി കര്‍മ്മങ്ങൾ നിർവഹിച്ചു, ഏകാദശിയുടെ രാത്രിയിൽ—ഹേ മുനിശ്രേഷ്ഠാ—വ്യത്യസ്ത മന്ത്രങ്ങളാൽ ദേവദേവനായ ജനാർദനനെ ആരാധിക്കണം.

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Word by Word

• tasyām: on that (tithi)
• tasyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; (tithi-viṣaye)

• prāk: before
• prāk: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prāk (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (before/previously)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• saṅkalpya: having made a resolve
• saṅkalpya: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ + kḷp (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया (having resolved)

• prāk-vat: as previously
• prāk-vat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prāk (अव्यय) + vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तुलनार्थक (as before)

• snāna-ādikāḥ: beginning with bathing (etc.)
• snāna-ādikāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: snāna (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक) + ka (क-प्रत्यय)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (kriyāḥ इत्यस्य); snānam ādiḥ yāsām (snāna etc.)

• kriyāḥ: rites/actions
• kriyāḥ: Karma (कर्म/Object; things to be done)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• nirvartya: having carried out/completed
• nirvartya: Kriyā (क्रिया; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nis + vṛt (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वक्रिया (having completed)

• ārādhayet: should worship
• ārādhayet: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + rādh (धातु) + ṇic (णिच्)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विध्यर्थ), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; णिजन्त (causative/denominative sense: to worship)

• rātryām: at night
• rātryām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• ekādaśyām: on Ekādaśī
• ekādaśyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekādaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तिथिनाम

• janārdanam: Janārdana (Viṣṇu)
• janārdanam: Karma (कर्म/Object of worship)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janārdana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• pṛthak: separately
• pṛthak: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pṛthak (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पृथक्त्ववाचक (separately)

• mantraiḥ: with mantras
• mantraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• muni-śreṣṭha: O best of sages
• muni-śreṣṭha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (śreṣṭhaḥ muniḥ)

• deva-devam: God of gods
• deva-devam: Karma (कर्म/Object; apposition to janārdanam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (devānāṃ devaḥ)

• janārdanam: Janārdana
• janārdanam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janārdana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति-बल (repetition for emphasis)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Dharma-śāstra Interface

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a Purāṇic codification of devotional-ritual practice, integrating vow-making (saṅkalpa), purification (snāna), and mantra-recitation into a structured observance associated with Ekādaśī.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic site is named in this verse; the focus is on ritual timing (Ekādaśī night) and prescribed actions rather than a particular pilgrimage location.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes disciplined observance—forming a clear intention, completing preparatory purifications, and conducting worship with careful, differentiated mantra-recitation—framing ritual orderliness as a normative practice.