Rig Veda 8.23.21: Mandala 8, Sukta 23, Mantra 21
Sukta 8.23
Rishi: Vaiyaśva (traditional attribution for RV 8.23 in several recensions/indices; verse itself alludes to 'vaiyaśva' in 8.23.24)
Devata: Agni (Fire; the divine Will and priest of the inner sacrifice)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; 8.23 is predominantly in shorter meters—exact scansion should be confirmed against a pada-metrical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो अस्मै हव्यदातिभिराहुतिं मर्तोऽविधत् । भूरि पोषं स धत्ते वीरवद्यशः ॥
Transliteration
yó asmai havyádātibhir ā́hutiṃ márto’vídhat | bhū́ri póṣaṃ sá dhatte vīrávad yáśaḥ ||
Translation
ഹവ്യത്തിന് യോജ്യമായ ദാനങ്ങളോടുകൂടെ അവനു ആഹുതി അർപ്പിക്കുന്ന ഏതു മർത്ത്യനോ, അവൻ തന്റെ അടുക്കൽ ധാരാളം പോഷം (സമൃദ്ധി) സമാഹരിക്കുന്നു—അത് വീര്യശക്തിയുമായി, ദീപ്തമായ യശസ്സുമായി വളരുന്നു.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्ता; यः = ‘he who’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मैto him
अस्मै:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हव्यदातिभिःwith acts of offering / with oblation-givings
हव्यदातिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहव्यदाति- (प्रातिपदिक; हव्य ‘oblation’ + दाति ‘giving’)
आहुतिम्an oblation
आहुतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआहुति- (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to offer/sacrifice’ + आ-)
मर्तःa mortal
मर्तः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त- (प्रातिपदिक)
अविधत्has arranged / has offered / has performed (for him)
अविधत्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) with preverb अव-; (Vedic injunctive/aorist usage)
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
(विशेषणम्—पोषम्)
TypeAdjective (indeclinable in form)
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
पोषम्nourishment, prosperity
पोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपोष- (प्रातिपदिक; √पुष् ‘to thrive, nourish’)
सःhe (that one)
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धत्तेbestows / places
धत्ते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) (Vedic: also ‘to bestow/put’)
वीरवत्hero-rich, having heroes
वीरवत्:
(विशेषणम्—पोषम्/यशः)
TypeAdjective
Rootवीरवत् (प्रातिपदिक; वीर ‘hero’ + -वत् ‘possessing’)
यशःfame, glory
यशः:
Karma (धत्ते—what is bestowed)
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
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