Rig Veda 1.38.13: Mandala 1, Sukta 38, Mantra 13
Sukta 1.38
Rishi: Ghoṣā Kāksīvatī (traditional; though this verse shifts to Brahmaṇaspati/Agni focus)
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati (with Agni; Mitra as simile)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; confirmation needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अच्छा वदा तना गिरा जरायै ब्रह्मणस्पतिम् । अग्निं मित्रं न दर्शतम् ॥
Transliteration
áchā vada tanā́ girā́ jarā́yai bráhmaṇas pátim | agníṃ mitráṃ na darśatám ||
Translation
അന്തരസ്വരത്തോടെ നേരെയും ശുഭമായും വാക്കുചൊല്ലുക; ജരാ (സ്തുതികാരന്റെ) വളർച്ചയ്ക്കായി ബ്രഹ്മണസ്പതിയെ ആഹ്വാനിക്ക—മിത്രനെപ്പോലെ ദർശനീയനായ അഗ്നിയെ.
Word by Word
अच्छाtowards, hither
अच्छा:
Adhikaraṇa (गत्यर्थ-निर्देशः) / क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअञ्च् (गत्यर्थ) → अव्यय ‘अच्छा’
वदspeak!
वद:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
तनाwith (your) self / in person
तना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (प्रातिपदिक) → तना (इन्स्ट्रु. एक.)
गिराwith (a) song/utterance
गिरा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक) → गिरा
जरायैfor (his) praise/celebration (lit. ‘for jará’)
जरायै:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootजरा (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिम्Brahmaṇaspati (Lord of sacred speech)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lord of prayer’)
अग्निम्Agni
अग्निम्:
Karma (समन्वयेन ब्रह्मणस्पतिम् इत्यस्य विशेषण/समासार्थ-समानाधिकरण-भावः) / Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
मित्रम्Mitra (the Friend-god)
मित्रम्:
Karma (समन्वयेन) / Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
(उपमान-निर्देशकः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-अव्यय)
दर्शतम्beautiful to see, splendid
दर्शतम्:
Karma (विशेषणरूपेण) / (समन्वय)
TypeAdjective
Rootदर्शत (प्रातिपदिक; √दृश् ‘to see’ से ‘दर्शनीय’)
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