Valmiki Ramayana 1.21.4: Bala Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 4

बालकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Daśaratha’s Promise, Vasiṣṭha’s Counsel, and Viśvāmitra’s Weapon-Lore

Devanagari script

तस्य रोषपरीतस्य विश्वामित्रस्य धीमत:।चचाल वसुधा कृत्स्ना विवेश च भयं सुरान्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.21.4

Transliteration

tasya roṣa-parītasya viśvāmitrasya dhīmataḥ |

cacāla vasudhā kṛtsnā viveśa ca bhayaṃ surān ||

Translation

ബുദ്ധിമാനായ വിശ്വാമിത്രൻ ക്രോധാവൃതനായപ്പോൾ, സർവ്വ ഭൂമിയും വിറച്ചു; ദേവന്മാരിൽ ഭയം പ്രവേശിച്ചു.

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Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• roṣa-parītasya: seized by anger
• roṣa-parītasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + parīta (कृदन्त; √i क्त with pari-)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (रोषेण परीतः)

• viśvāmitrasya: of Viśvāmitra
• viśvāmitrasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśvāmitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• dhīmataḥ: of the wise
• dhīmataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; adjective to viśvāmitrasya

• cacāla: shook / trembled
• cacāla: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √cal (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; parasmaipada

• vasudhā: the earth
• vasudhā: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasudhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• kṛtsnā: entire
• kṛtsnā: Karta (कर्ता; as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; adjective to vasudhā

• viveśa: entered
• viveśa: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-viś (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• bhayam: fear
• bhayam: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; here Nominative as subject of viveśa (fear entered)

• surān: the gods
• surān: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• Earth (Vasudhā)
• Devas (Suras)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Moral power (tapas/tejas) has cosmic weight. When dharma is threatened—here by a broken promise—the disturbance is portrayed as affecting the entire order of the world.

What is the narrative situation?

Viśvāmitra’s anger rises at Daśaratha’s reluctance, and the narrative marks this as a world-shaking event.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The formidable spiritual potency of a rishi—self-earned through discipline—capable of compelling even the gods to fear.