Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.46: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 46

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

नारदस्तुम्भुरुर्गोपः प्रवरास्सूर्यवर्चसः ।

एते गन्धर्वराजानो भरतस्याग्रतो जगुः ॥४६॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.91.46

Transliteration

nāradas tumbhurur gopaḥ pravarāḥ sūryavarcasaḥ |

ete gandharvarājāno bharatasyāgrato jaguḥ ||46||

Translation

നാരദൻ, തുംബുരു, ഗോപൻ—സൂര്യസമാന തേജസ്സുള്ള, ഗന്ധർവരാജന്മാരിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠർ—ഇവർ ഭാരതന്റെ മുമ്പിൽ ഗാനം ചെയ്തു.

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Word by Word

• नारदः: Nārada
• नारदः: कर्ता (Karta; member of subject group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (proper noun)

• तुम्भुरुः: Tumburu
• तुम्भुरुः: कर्ता (Karta; member of subject group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुम्भुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (proper noun)

• गोपः: Gopa
• गोपः: कर्ता (Karta; member of subject group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (proper noun)

• प्रवराः: excellent, distinguished
• प्रवराः: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रवर (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — agreeing with ‘गन्धर्वराजानः/एते’

• सूर्य-वर्चसः: sun-radiant
• सूर्य-वर्चसः: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्चस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास: सूर्यस्य वर्चः यस्य/येषाम्; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘having sun-like radiance’

• एते: these
• एते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — demonstrative ‘these’

• गन्धर्व-राजानः: kings among Gandharvas
• गन्धर्व-राजानः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: गन्धर्वाणां राजानः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भरतस्य: of Bharata
• भरतस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अग्रतः: in front (of)
• अग्रतः: अधिकरण (Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्रतः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb of place: ‘in front’)

• जगुः: sang
• जगुः: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गै (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

There along with Narada, Tumburu and Gopa, distinguished kings of the gandharvas, looking bright like the Sun, began to sing in the presence of Bharata.

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• Tumburu
• gandharvas
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Honoring the righteous through fitting welcome: dharma includes showing reverence to worthy guests and leaders, using arts in a dignified way.

What is the narrative situation?

Celestial gandharvas appear and perform music in Bharata’s presence during Bharadvāja’s reception.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s worthiness (pātratā): such honors are portrayed as naturally accruing to a dharmic person.