Valmiki Ramayana 2.77.7 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 77, Shloka 7

और्ध्वदैहिकक्रिया-शोकविलापः

Obsequies for Daśaratha and the Brothers’ Lament

Devanagari script

यस्या गतिरनाथायाः पुत्रः प्रवाजितो वनम्।तामम्बां तात कौसल्यां त्यक्त्वा त्वं क्व गतो नृप।।।।

Transliteration

yasyā gatir anāthāyāḥ putraḥ pravājito vanam | tām ambāṃ tāta kausalyāṃ tyaktvā tvaṃ kva gato nṛpa ||

Translation

താതാ, ഹേ നൃപാ! അനാഥയായ കൗസല്യാമ്മയ്ക്ക് ഇനി ഗതിയില്ല; അവളുടെ ഏക ആശ്രയമായ പുത്രനെ വനത്തിലേക്ക് തള്ളിയിട്ട് അവളെ ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് നീ എവിടേക്കു പോയി?

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (कृदन्त, क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया

• भस्मारुणम्: reddish with ash
• भस्मारुणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भस्म + अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास ('ash-reddish'); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् (qualifying) स्थानमण्डलम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् (qualifying) स्थानमण्डलम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• दग्धास्थि: with burnt bones
• दग्धास्थि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दग्ध + अस्थि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('burnt-bone'); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् (qualifying) स्थानमण्डलम्

• स्थानमण्डलम्: the circular spot/place
• स्थानमण्डलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थान + मण्डल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('circle/area of the place'); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• पितुः: of (his) father
• पितुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• शरीरनिर्वाणम्: the place of the body's cremation
• शरीरनिर्वाणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरीर + निर्वाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('extinction/cremation of the body'); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; apposition to स्थानमण्डलम्

• निष्टनन्: wailing/crying aloud
• निष्टनन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि+स्तन् (धातु) → निष्टनत् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषणम् (qualifying) सः

• विषसाद: sank into sorrow
• विषसाद: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+सद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

Context

Where have you gone, my king! my father!, forsaking mother Kausalya who is without a protector and whose only support Rama, her son has been sent away to the forest?

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha
• Kausalyā
• Rāma
• Vana (forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as protection: a king/father is expected to safeguard dependents; Bharata grieves that Kausalyā is left vulnerable while Rāma is exiled.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata addresses his deceased father, lamenting Kausalyā’s abandonment and Rāma’s exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassion and familial responsibility—Bharata’s concern centers on Kausalyā’s welfare, not his own gain.