Atharva Veda 6.47.3: Kanda 6, Anuvaka 5, Sukta 47, Mantra 3

Sukta 47

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

इ॒दं तृ॒तीयं॒ सव॑नं कवी॒नामृ॒तेन॒ ये च॑म॒समैर॑यन्त । ते सौ॑धन्व॒नाः स्वऽरानशा॒नाः स्विऽष्टिं नो अ॒भि वस्यो॑ नयन्तु

IAST Transliteration

idáṃ tṛtī́yaṃ sávanam kavī́nām ṛténa yé camásam áirayan | té saúdhvananā́ḥ svàrān aśānáḥ svìṣṭiṃ no abhí vásyo nayantu

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

This is the third pressing of the seers: with Order they set the cup in motion. May those Saudhvanas, having won the sacred tones, lead us unto well-offered sacrifice, unto the better good.

Translation

ഇത് കവികളുടെ മൂന്നാമത്തെ സവനം (സോമപീഡനം) ആകുന്നു; ഋതം (ദിവ്യനിയമം) കൊണ്ടു അവർ ചമസ (പാത്രം) ചലിപ്പിച്ചു. സ്വര (പവിത്ര സ്വരങ്ങൾ) നേടിയ ആ സൗധന്വനർ ഞങ്ങളെ സു-ഇഷ്ടി (നന്നായി അർപ്പിച്ച യജ്ഞം)യിലേക്കും, കൂടുതൽ ശ്രേയസ്സിലേക്കും നയിക്കട്ടെ.

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Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तृतीयम्: third
• तृतीयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृतीय (क्रमवाचक-विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• सवनम्: Soma-pressing; libation
• सवनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक; √सु ‘to press (Soma)’ से)

• कवीनाम्: of the seers/poets
• कवीनाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतेन: with ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चमसम्: the cup; ladle
• चमसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमस (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऐरयन्त: they set in motion/raised/impelled
• ऐरयन्त: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ईर्/√इर् (प्रेरणे) / causative stem ईरय-

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सौधन्वनाः: the Saudhvanvanas (a group/lineage)
• सौधन्वनाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/tribal epithet)
• Root: सौधन्वन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सुधन्वन्’/‘सुधन्वा’ से व्युत्पन्न, कुल/गोत्र-नाम)

• स्वरानशानाः: having obtained/enjoyed the ‘svara’ (melody/brightness)
• स्वरानशानाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: स्वर (प्रातिपदिक) + √अश् (भक्षणे/प्राप्तौ) क्त-प्रत्यय ‘अशान’

• स्विष्टिम्: the well-accomplished offering; successful sacrifice
• स्विष्टिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्विष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; सु-इष्टि ‘well-offering/complete oblation’)

• नः: for us/our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards; unto
• अभि: Upasarga
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• वस्यः: the better (state); what is more excellent
• वस्यः: Karma
• Type: Adjective (comparative used substantively)
• Root: वस्यस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘better, more excellent’)

• नयन्तु: may they lead
• नयन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नी (नयने)

Attribution

Rishi: Kavi-/priestly lineage (attributed in sense to inspired ritualists; specific r̥ṣi not explicit in the given excerpt)

Devata: Ṛta / Sv-iṣṭi (efficacious correctness and successful offering), with implicit priestly powers (Saudhvanas)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (mixed/prose-verse Atharvanic style; not securely determinable from excerpt alone)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta