Atharva Veda 4.4.4: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 4

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

उच्छुष्मौष॑धीनां॒ सार॑ ऋष॒भाणा॑म्। सं पुं॒सामि॑न्द्र॒ वृष्ण्य॑म॒स्मिन्धे॑हि तनूवशिन्

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 4.4.4

IAST Transliteration

úc-chuṣma óṣadhīnāṁ sā́ra ṛṣabhā́ṇām | sáṁ puṁsā́m indra vṛ́ṣṇyam asmín dhehi tanūváśin ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The upraised vigor of herbs, the essence of bulls—do thou, O Indra, body-master, wholly set the bull-like might of men within this one.

Translation

ഔഷധികളുടെ ഉയർന്ന ഉഷ്മാ-ശക്തി, ഋഷഭങ്ങളുടെ (വൃഷഭങ്ങളുടെ) സാരം—ഹേ ഇന്ദ്രാ, തനൂവശിൻ (ദേഹാധിപതി), പുരുഷന്മാരുടെ വൃഷണ്യ (വൃഷഭസമാന) വീര്യ-പരാക്രമം ഈ വ്യക്തിയിൽ പൂർണ്ണമായി സ്ഥാപിക്കണമേ.

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Word by Word

• उत्: up, out, forth (prefix)
• उत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत् (उपसर्ग) / ud-

• शुष्म: vigor, strength, fiery energy
• शुष्म: Kartā (elliptic: ‘(may) the vigor…’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)

• ओषधीनाम्: of the herbs/medicinal plants
• ओषधीनाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सारः: essence, best part
• सारः: Kartā (apposition to शुष्मः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषभाणाम्: of the bulls / of the best (bull-like) ones
• ऋषभाणाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely (prefix)
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग) / sam-

• पुंसाम्: of men, of males
• पुंसाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुम्स्/पुंस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृष्ण्यम्: manly vigor, virility, bull-like strength
• वृष्ण्यम्: Karma (object of धेहि)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मिन्: in this (one), in him/this place
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (locus)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• धेहि: place, put, bestow
• धेहि: Kriyā (imperative action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु) / √धा

• तनूवशिन्: O controller/master of the body (i.e., having power over bodily form/strength)
• तनूवशिन्: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: तनू-वशिन् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/उपपद-समास)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in excerpt)

Devata: Indra (as tanūvaśin) and Oṣadhi-sāra (supporting power)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; to be confirmed)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra