Rig Veda 9.90.4: Mandala 9, Sukta 90, Mantra 4

Sukta 9.90

Rishi: Rebha Kāśyapa (traditional attribution for RV 9.90 in many Anukramaṇī lists; verify against the specific Śaunakīya Anukramaṇī for critical work)

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (the self-purifying Soma)

Chandas: Jagatī (typical for many Pavamāna hymns; verse-length and cadence suggest Jagatī—confirm by syllable count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उरुगव्यूतिरभयानि कृण्वन्त्समीचीने आ पवस्वा पुरंधी । अपः सिषासन्नुषसः स्वर्गाः सं चिक्रदो महो अस्मभ्यं वाजान् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.90.4

Transliteration

urúgavyūtir abháyāni kṛṇván samīcīné ā́ pavasva puráṃdhī | apáḥ sisāsann uṣásaḥ svàr gā́ḥ sáṃ cikrado mahó asmábhyaṃ vā́jān ||

Translation

O Soma, flowing in a wide-ranging course, make for us the states of fearlessness; flow here into the right-turned (channels) with the power of plenitude. Desiring the Waters, desiring the Dawns, desiring the luminous Cows of the Sun-world, cry out and gather for us the great vājās—fullnesses of force and victorious energy.

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Word by Word

• उरुगव्यूतिः: the wide cattle-track / broad path
• उरुगव्यूतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरु-गव्यूति- (प्रातिपदिक) < उरु ‘विस्तीर्ण’ + गव्यूति ‘गोमार्ग/चरागाह-मार्ग’

• अभयानि: fearlessnesses / securities
• अभयानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभय- (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृण्वन्: making
• कृण्वन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• समीचीनः: straight/right-directed
• समीचीनः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीचीन- (प्रातिपदिक) < सम् + अञ्च् (धातु) ‘to go/turn’

• आ: hither, forth
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• पवस्व: purify thyself / flow pure
• पवस्व: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पू (धातु) ‘to purify’ (पवते)

• पुरंधी: bounty / liberality (personified)
• पुरंधी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरंधि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सिषासन्: seeking to impel / wishing to set in motion
• सिषासन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: शास् (धातु) ‘to instruct/impel’ (desiderative: सिषास-)

• उषसः: of Dawn
• उषसः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वर्गाः: heaven-going / leading to heaven
• स्वर्गाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्ग- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, wholly
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• चिक्रदः: he cries aloud
• चिक्रदः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रन्द् (धातु) ‘to cry out’ (intensive/reduplicated: चिक्रद-)

• महो: great (thing)
• महो: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मभ्यम्: to us
• अस्मभ्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजान्: prizes / strengths / (winning) rewards
• वाजान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज- (प्रातिपदिक)