Rig Veda 9.53.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 53, Mantra 2
Sukta 9.53
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (as battle-strengthener)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अया निजघ्निरोजसा रथसंगे धने हिते । स्तवा अबिभ्युषा हृदा ॥
Transliteration
ayā́ ní-jaghnír ójasā ratha-saṅgé dháne hité | stavā́ abíbhyuṣā hṛdā́ ||
Translation
By this (power) he has smitten down with strength, in the clash of chariots, in the battle set for the prize; I praise (him) with a heart that fears not.
Word by Word
अयाby this (one), with this
अया:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अयम्/इयम्/इदम्
निजघ्निःthe smiter, slaying (one)
निजघ्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb-derived (Participle/Noun-like)
Rootहन् (धातु) with नि- (upasarga); kṛdanta: नि-√हन् → निजघ्नि-
ओजसाwith might, by strength
ओजसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
रथसङ्गेin the chariot-encounter, in the clash of chariots
रथसङ्गे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootरथसङ्ग (समास: रथ + सङ्ग ‘meeting/encounter’)
धनेin the prize/booty, in the contest for wealth
धने:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
हितेset (as a stake), appointed (prize)
हिते:
अधिकरण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootहित (कृदन्त/विशेषण; √धा ‘to place’ → हित ‘placed, set, appointed’)
स्तवाO praiser (singer)
स्तवा:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootस्तु (धातु) → स्तव (कृदन्त/नामधातु-रूप); here as vocative of ‘praiser’
अबिभ्युषाwith (one) not fearing / fearlessly
अबिभ्युषा:
करण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootभि (धातु) with intensive/reduplicated aorist/participle base: अ- + बि-भ्युष- (Vedic); from √भि ‘to fear’
हृदाwith the heart, in heart
हृदा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
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