Sukta 53
Sukta 8.53
Kaṇva (Kāṇva tradition)
Indra
Triṣṭubh (probable; 8.53 frequently Triṣṭubh in Indra hymns, though confirmation requires full metrical count)
ຄຳສັດທຳອັນນີ້ອັນເປັນຂອງອິນທຣະ ມາຈາກສາຍຂອງຊາວການວະ ຮຽກຮ້ອງຕໍ່ອິນທຣະໃນຖານະເປັນພະອຳນາດແຫ່ງຄວາມອຸດົມສົມບູນສູງສຸດ, ຜູ້ເຖົ້າແກ່ໃນບັນດາຜູ້ເຂັ້ມແຂງ, ຜູ້ທຳລາຍປໍລະສັດ, ແລະ ຜູ້ຄົ້ນພົບໂຕນົວສັດ, ເພື່ອຂໍຄວາມອຸດົມສົມບູນ ແລະ ການປ້ອງກັນ. ມັນຂໍໃຫ້ພະອົງບີບບີ້ຄວາມບາດຄວາມບຽດ, ດື່ມໂສມະຈົນເຕັມທີ່, ແລະ ນຳພາຜູ້ບູຊາຜ່ານການຕໍ່ສູ້ຂອງຊີວິດໄປສູ່ຊັຍຊະນະ, ສັດພາພະຍານ, ແລະ ກຳລັງມ້າ, ຄືຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ແລະ ພະລັງທາງໃຈ.
Mantras
Mantra 1
उपमं त्वा मघोनां ज्येष्ठं च वृषभाणाम् । पूर्भित्तमं मघवन्निन्द्र गोविदमीशानं राय ईमहे ॥
ພວກເຮົາສະແຫວກຫາພະອົງໃນຖານະຜູ້ສູງສຸດໃນບັນດາຜູ້ມີຄວາມກະລຸນາ, ຜູ້ເຖົ້າທີ່ສຸດໃນບັນດາພະລັງງົວດຸນ, ຜູ້ສາມາດທຳລາຍສິ່ງກີດຂວາງທີ່ເປັນປ້ອນໄດ້ດີທີ່ສຸດ. ອົດພະອິນທະຣະ, ຜູ້ຊອກຫາລັດສະຫວ່າງ (ງົວ), ເຈົ້າຂອງຄວາມສົມບູນ, ພວກເຮົາປາຖະໜາຈະຄອບຄອງຄວາມສົມບູນຂອງການມີຢູ່ຂອງພະອົງ.
Mantra 2
य आयुं कुत्समतिथिग्वमर्दयो वावृधानो दिवेदिवे । तं त्वा वयं हर्यश्वं शतक्रतुं वाजयन्तो हवामहे ॥
ພະອົງຜູ້ທີ່ທຳລາຍອາຍຸ, ກຸດສະ, ແລະ ອາຕິທິຄວະ, ເພີ່ມພະລັງຂຶ້ນທຸກໆມື້, ພະອົງ, ຜູ້ຄອງມ້າທີ່ມີສີອົມ, ຜູ້ມີພະລັງຮ້ອຍປະການ, ພວກເຮົາອັບປະເສຍໃນຂະນະທີ່ຈຸດປະກາຍພະລັງແຫ່ງຊັນຊະນະພາຍໃນພວກເຮົາ.
Mantra 3
आ नो विश्वेषां रसं मध्वः सिञ्चन्त्वद्रयः । ये परावति सुन्विरे जनेष्वा ये अर्वावतीन्दवः ॥
ຂໍໃຫ້ຫີນບີບຊົມຫຼັບສາດຖອກເປັນນ້ຳຕານແຫ່ງຄວາມຫວານຊື່ທັງປວງມາສູ່ພວກເຮົາ. ບໍ່ວ່າຢອດຊົມຈະຖືກບີບຢູ່ໄກໂລກໃນທ່າມປະຊາຊົນ, ຫຼືຢູ່ໃກ້ໃນທົ່ງນາ, ຂໍໃຫ້ມັນມາສູ່ພວກເຮົາເປັນກະແສດຽວຂອງຄວາມປິຕີແລະແສງສະຫວ່າງ.
Mantra 4
विश्वा द्वेषांसि जहि चाव चा कृधि विश्वे सन्वन्त्वा वसु । शीष्टेषु चित्ते मदिरासो अंशवो यत्रा सोमस्य तृम्पसि ॥
ທໍາລາຍການເຄື່ອນໄຫວທີ່ເປັນປັດຊະຍາທັງໝົດ ແລະຂັບມັນໃຫ້ອອກໄປ; ຂໍໃຫ້ຊັບສົມບັດທີ່ສະຫວ່າງສະໄຫວມາສູ່ພວກເຮົາ. ແມ້ແຕ່ໃນບັນດາສິ່ງທີ່ເຫຼືອ, ຂໍໃຫ້ລັດສະໝີທີ່ເມົາຊູ້ເປັນຂອງເຈົ້າ, ຢູ່ບ່ອນທີ່ເຈົ້າດື່ມຊົມຈົນເຕັມທີ່.
Mantra 6
आजितुरं सत्पतिं विश्वचर्षणिं कृधि प्रजास्वाभगम् । प्र सू तिरा शचीभिर्ये त उक्थिनः क्रतुं पुनत आनुषक् ॥
ຂໍໃຫ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ລາວເປັນພະລັງຜູ້ຊະນະໃນສົງຄາມ, ເປັນຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ແທ້ຈິງ ແລະເປັນຜູ້ນໍາຂອງປວງຊົນທັງໝົດ, ເປັນຜູ້ປະທານພາກສ່ວນໃນບັນດາລູກຫຼານຂອງພວກເຮົາ. ນໍາພວກເຮົາໄປຂ້າງໜ້າດ້ວຍພະລັງຂອງການກະທໍາທີ່ມີປະສິດທິຜົນ, ບັນດາຜູ້ຮ້ອງສາລະວະທີ່ຊັດເຈນຂອງເຈົ້າຜູ້ທີ່ຊໍາລະຄວາມຕັ້ງໃຈຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງພາຍໃນພວກເຮົາ.
Mantra 7
यस्ते साधिष्ठोऽवसे ते स्याम भरेषु ते । वयं होत्राभिरुत देवहूतिभिः ससवांसो मनामहे ॥
ຂໍໃຫ້ພວກເຮົາເປັນຂອງເຈົ້າເພື່ອຄວາມຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອທີ່ຍິ່ງໃຫຍ່ທີ່ສຸດຂອງເຈົ້າ, ໃນທຸກສົງຄາມທີ່ເຈົ້າແບກຫາບ. ພວກເຮົາ, ກ້າວໄປຂ້າງໜ້າດ້ວຍການຖວາຍຄໍາເວົ້າ ແລະດ້ວຍການຮຽກຮ້ອງທີ່ນໍາພາບເທບະພາບມາ, ມີຄວາມປາຖະໝາຍ ແລະຍອມຮັບເຈົ້າໃນໃຈຂອງພວກເຮົາ.
Mantra 8
अहं हि ते हरिवो ब्रह्म वाजयुराजिं यामि सदोतिभिः । त्वामिदेव तममे समश्वयुर्गव्युरग्रे मथीनाम् ॥
ດ້ວຍວ່າຂ້າພະເຈົ້າ, ໂອ ຮະຣິວະ, ດ້ວຍຄໍາເວົ້າຂອງຈິດວິນຍານທີ່ຊອກຫາຄວາມສົມບູນ, ເຂົ້າສູ່ການແຂ່ງຂັນເສມີຢູ່ສະເໝີດ້ວຍຄວາມຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອຂອງເຈົ້າ. ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າປາຖະໝາຍ ແລະເຊື່ອມຕົວກັບເຈົ້າຢ່າງດຽວ, ຊອກຫາພະລັງມ້າ ແລະແສງສະຫວ່າງຂອງງົວ, ຢູ່ແນວໜ້າຂອງການກົ່ນບີບພາຍໃນ.
Inside Sukta 53
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
Indra is invoked as the highest among givers and the eldest among mighty powers—fort-breaker and finder of cows/rays, lord of abundance.
- Development
Requests intensify: Indra is asked to smash and cast down all hostile forces and to bring every form of wealth; Soma-intoxication is framed as the ground of his effective help.
- Climax
The worshipper’s personal vow of alliance with Indra—entering the contest by the power of inspired speech (brahman) and seeking horse-force and cow-light at the forefront of the ‘churnings’ (pressings).
- Where it settles
The hymn settles into confident dependence on Indra’s ongoing aid: protection, victory, and the steady arrival of riches through his Soma-strengthened might.
The deity: Indra
- In the VedaIndra is hailed as Maghavan (the bounteous), vṛṣabha (bull of powers), purbhid (fort-breaker), and govid (finder of cows/rays), the heroic drinker of Soma who grants wealth and victory.
- Cosmic functionHe releases the obstructed waters/light, shatters demonic resistance, restores the flow of abundance, and secures triumph for the worshipper and community.
- Inner significanceIndra symbolizes the awakened force of will and illumination that breaks inner ‘forts’ (habits, fears, ignorance), releases hidden energies (cows/rays), and turns aspiration into victorious action.
The seer
- KaṇvaKāṇva (Kaṇva gotra / Kāṇva tradition) · Eponymous seer of the Kāṇvas, a major Rigvedic priestly-poet lineage especially prominent in Mandala 8, noted for vigorous Indra praise and Soma-centric hymnody.
Famous verses
pūrbhittamam … govidam
विश्वा द्वेषांसि जहि चाव चा कृधि विश्वे सन्वन्त्वा वसु । शीष्टेषु चित्ते मदिरासो अंशवो यत्रा सोमस्य तृम्पसि ॥ahaṃ hi te harivo brahma
Attributes of the deity
- Bounteous giver (Maghavan)
- Fort-destroyer (purbhid)
- Victor in contest (ājí-jit)
- Soma-drinker who grows in might
- Finder/releaser of cows (rays, wealth)
- Protector who smites hostility (dveṣāṃsi)
Also by this seer
- A large body of Mandala 8 hymns is associated with the Kāṇva family tradition (Kāṇva corpus).
- Kāṇva poets are frequently connected with Indra-Soma praise, victory hymns, and royal/ritual patronage themes across the Rigveda.
The rite, step by step
- Prepare the altar and kindle Agni; establish the sacrificial space.
- Press and filter Soma; ready the cup for Indra (graha).
- Recite the hymn to invite Indra as the foremost bounteous power and fort-breaker.
- Offer Soma with accompanying praises, asking for the slaying/expulsion of hostilities and the coming of riches.
- Conclude with petitions for sustained aid in the ‘contest’ (ājí) and for the gifts of horse-force and cow-light.
Offerings
- Soma (primary)
- Ghee/clarified butter (supporting oblation)
- Optional: milk/curds as Soma accompaniments in Soma-rite contexts
Frequently Asked Questions
The hymn praises Indra, the Vedic power of victory and abundance, described as the fort-breaker and the finder of the “cows” (rays/wealth).
In Vedic poetry, “cows” can mean real cattle and also symbolic “rays” or hidden riches. Calling Indra govid asks him to uncover and release what is concealed—light, prosperity, and strength.
Soma is the offered sacred drink that “fills” Indra with power in the ritual imagery. The hymn links his Soma-satiety with his ability to destroy hostility and bring wealth and victory to the worshipper.
Ask anything about Sukta 53 of the Rig Veda
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