Rig Veda 8.46.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 46, Mantra 4
Sukta 8.46
Devata: Indra (primary hymn context); verse explicitly invokes Maruts, Aryaman, Mitra as protecting powers
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सुनीथो घा स मर्त्यो यं मरुतो यमर्यमा । मित्रः पान्त्यद्रुहः ॥
Transliteration
sunī́tho ghā́ sá mártyo yáṃ marúto yám aryamā́ | mitráḥ pā́nty ádruhaḥ ||
Translation
Truly well-led is that mortal whom the Maruts and Aryaman—and Mitra, the undeceiving—protect: he moves on the right path of the Truth.
Word by Word
सुनीथःwell-guided; of good leading (a good guide)
सुनीथः:
Kartā (of implied ‘is/exists’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसु-नीथ (प्रातिपदिक; नीथ < √नी ‘नेतुम्/नयति’)
घindeed, surely
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (निपात)
सhe
स:
Kartā (co-referential with ‘सुनीथः’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः) सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक
मर्त्यःmortal (man)
मर्त्यः:
Kartā (apposition to ‘स’)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक; < √मृ ‘to die’)
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma (object of ‘पान्ति’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Kartā (of ‘पान्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma (object of ‘पान्ति’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
अर्यमाAryaman
अर्यमा:
Kartā (of ‘पान्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
Kartā (of ‘पान्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
पान्तिprotect
पान्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पालने ‘to protect’)
अद्रुहःthe non-harmful; the untreacherous (one)
अद्रुहः:
Karma (object complement/apposition to ‘यम्’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-द्रुह् (प्रातिपदिक; द्रुह् ‘harm/treachery’ with privative अ-)
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