Rig Veda 8.3.11: Mandala 8, Sukta 3, Mantra 11

Sukta 8.3

Rishi: Kāṇva tradition (probable; Book 8 is predominantly Kāṇva)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 8.3; requires full hymn metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

शग्धी न इन्द्र यत्त्वा रयिं यामि सुवीर्यम् । शग्धि वाजाय प्रथमं सिषासते शग्धि स्तोमाय पूर्व्य ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.3.11

Transliteration

śagdhī na indra yát tvā rayíṃ yā́mi su-vī́ryam | śagdhí vājā́ya prathamáṃ sisāsate śagdhí stomā́ya pū́rvya ||

Translation

O Indra, be able for us: for I approach you for the plenitude (rayi) that is heroic power of the soul (su-vīrya). Be able for the first winning of the Vāja—force and fullness—for those who strive; be able also for our ancient hymn of affirmation.

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Word by Word

• शग्धी: be able; grant; help
• शग्धी: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (śak) / Vedic: śagdh- (imperative stem)

• नः: to us / our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (asmad)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (indra)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (yad)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (yuṣmad)

• रयिम्: wealth
• रयिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (rayi)

• यामि: I go/seek/approach
• यामि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (yā) ‘to go, to seek/approach’

• सुवीर्यम्: good heroism; excellent manly power
• सुवीर्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: सु- + वीर्य (vīrya)

• शग्धि: grant; be able (to give)
• शग्धि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (śak) / Vedic: śagdh-

• वाजाय: for prize/strength (vāja)
• वाजाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (vāja)

• प्रथमम्: first; foremost
• प्रथमम्: Adhikaraṇa (manner/sequence)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: प्रथम (prathama)

• सिषासते: (he) desires to win/obtain
• सिषासते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: सन्/सास् (san/sās) ‘to seek, desire’ (desiderative formation)

• शग्धि: grant; be able (to give)
• शग्धि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (śak) / Vedic: śagdh-

• स्तोमाय: for the hymn of praise
• स्तोमाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (stoma)

• पूर्व्य: O ancient/primeval/foremost (one)
• पूर्व्य: Sambोधन
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व्य (pūrvya) < पूर्व (pūrva)