Rig Veda 8.2.15: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 15

Sukta 8.2

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा न इन्द्र पीयत्नवे मा शर्धते परा दाः । शिक्षा शचीवः शचीभिः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.2.15

Transliteration

mā́ na indra pīyatnáve mā́ śárdhate párā dāḥ | śíkṣā śacī-vaḥ śácībhiḥ ||

Translation

O Indra, do not give us over to the one who would drain and diminish; do not hand us to the violent host. Teach us, O lord of effective power, by your powers of luminous skill.

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Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun stem)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: —
• Type: Noun (proper) / Vocative address
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• पीयत्नवे: to the assailant / to one who would harm
• पीयत्नवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीयत्नु (prātipadika; ‘harm/attack, hostile intent’)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• शर्धते: to the hostile one / to the attacker
• शर्धते: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agent noun used substantively)
• Root: शर्ध् (धातु; ‘to be violent/hostile, assail’) → शर्धत् (present participial/agentive base)

• परा: away
• परा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परा (preverb/adverb)

• दाः: give (us) over / hand (us) away
• दाः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु; ‘to give’)

• शिक्षा: teach / instruct / guide
• शिक्षा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष् (धातु; ‘to instruct, train, help/teach’)

• शचीवः: O skillful/powerful one
• शचीवः: —
• Type: Adjective used as vocative (epithet)
• Root: शचीवत् (adj. ‘possessing śacī—power/skill’; epithet of Indra)

• शचीभिः: with (your) powers/skills
• शचीभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शची (f. ‘power, skill, might’)