Rig Veda 8.2.12: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 12
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Medhyātithi Kāṇva (traditional for RV 8.2)
Devata: Indra/Soma (warning about mismanaged intoxication; implicitly calling for Indra’s right governance of Soma-force)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 8.2 opening; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
हृत्सु पीतासो युध्यन्ते दुर्मदासो न सुरायाम् । ऊधर्न नग्ना जरन्ते ॥
Transliteration
hṛtsú pītā́so yudhyante durmádāso ná surā́yām | ū́dhar ná nagnā́ jarante ||
Translation
Within the hearts the drunk powers clash—like ill-intoxicated men with liquor; they burn away, stripped like a bare udder: therefore the ecstasy must be governed by Indra’s luminous mastery, not by disorderly excitement.
Word by Word
हृत्सुin (their) hearts
हृत्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootहृद् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘हृदय’
पीतासःhaving drunk, drunk (ones)
पीतासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootपीत (कृदन्त; √पा ‘पिबति’)
युध्यन्तेthey fight
युध्यन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√युध् (युध्यते)
दुर्मदासःof evil intoxication, wildly intoxicated
दुर्मदासः:
कर्तृ (पीतासः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मद (प्रातिपदिक; दुर्- + मद ‘मद/उन्माद’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
सुरायाम्in/with surā (liquor)
सुरायाम्:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसुरा (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊधःudder
ऊधः:
कर्तृ (जरन्ते इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
नग्नाःnaked (ones)
नग्नाः:
कर्तृ (जरन्ते इत्यस्य; उपमान-कर्तृ)
TypeAdjective
Rootनग्न (प्रातिपदिक)
जरन्तेthey grow old / wither
जरन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जॄ/जर् (जरते)
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