Rig Veda 8.19.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 19, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.19
Devata: Agni (invoked as inner force aiding victory over obstruction)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
भद्रं मनः कृणुष्व वृत्रतूर्ये येना समत्सु सासहः । अव स्थिरा तनुहि भूरि शर्धतां वनेमा ते अभिष्टिभिः ॥
Transliteration
bhadráṃ manaḥ kṛṇuṣva vṛtra-tū́rye yéna samátsu sāsáhaḥ | áva sthirā́ tanuhí bhū́ri śárdhatāṃ vanémā te abhiṣṭíbhíḥ ||
Translation
Make our mind a gracious good for the battle with the coverer, by which in the clashes we may prevail. Cast down and stretch firm the many hostile masses, so that by thy succours we may win.
Word by Word
भद्रम्auspicious, good
भद्रम्:
कर्म (कृणुष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
मनःmind
मनः:
कर्म (कृणुष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणुष्वmake!, render!
कृणुष्व:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (डुकृञ् करणे)
वृत्रतूर्येin the Vṛtra-battle, in the contest with Vṛtra
वृत्रतूर्ये:
अधिकरण (यत्र/यस्मिन्)
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्रतूर्य- (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + तूर्य ‘युद्ध/प्रतिस्पर्धा’)
येनby which
येन:
करण (येन साधनेन)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमत्सु- (प्रातिपदिक; सम् + अत्सु/अत्सु ‘संघर्ष’ → ‘समत्सु’ ‘battle’)
सासहःconquering, overpowering
सासहः:
कर्ता (अभिप्रेतः ‘त्वम्/इन्द्रः’ विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (participial) / Noun-epithet
Rootसह् (धातु) → सासह्- (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; परिपूर्ण/तीव्र-भाव ‘overpowering’)
अवdown, away; (intensifier with verb)
अव:
(क्रियाविशेषण; तन्/तन्-आदेशार्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/निपात)
स्थिराःfirm, steadfast (ones)
स्थिराः:
कर्म (तनुहि इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर- (प्रातिपदिक)
तनुहिstretch forth, extend; set in place
तनुहि:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (तनू विस्तारे)
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
(परिमाण-विशेषण; शर्धताम् इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable / Adjective used adverbially
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
शर्धताम्of the hosts, of the troops
शर्धताम्:
सम्बन्ध (स्थिराः इत्यस्य—‘of hosts’)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्ध- (प्रातिपदिक ‘troop, host, band’)
वनेमmay we win, may we gain
वनेम:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवन् (वनोति ‘to win, gain’)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (अभिष्टिभिः इत्यस्य—‘thy’)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अभिष्टिभिःwith (your) helps, with protections
अभिष्टिभिः:
करण (याभिः सहायैः)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिष्टि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘help, aid, protection’)
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