Rig Veda 7.15.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 15, Mantra 2

Sukta 7.15

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Agni (Gṛhapati aspect)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यः पञ्च चर्षणीरभि निषसाद दमेदमे । कविर्गृहपतिर्युवा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.15.2

Transliteration

yáḥ páñca carṣaṇī́r abhí ní-sasāda dáme-dame | kavír gṛhá-patir yúvā ||

Translation

He who has taken his seat over the five peoples in every dwelling— the seer, the youthful lord of the house: Agni established within each inner home.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: सम्बन्ध/विशेष्य-निर्देशकः (यः = ‘who/which’—relative pronoun, refers to the subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (य-प्रातिपदिक, सर्वनाम)

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: विशेषणम् (चर्षणीः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• चर्षणीः: peoples, tribes (the peoples)
• चर्षणीः: कर्म (अभि इत्यनेन सह: ‘towards/over the five peoples’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्षणी- (प्रातिपदिक; RV में ‘जनाः/मनुष्याः/कुलानि’)

• अभि: towards, over, upon
• अभि: दिशा/सम्बन्ध-प्रदर्शकः (कर्मणि प्रवृत्तिदिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नि: down, in, into (as prefix)
• नि: क्रियाविशेषणम् (अवरोह/निश्चय/निवेशन-भावः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• षसाद: sat down, settled
• षसाद: क्रिया (कर्तरि प्रयोगः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद् (धातु; ‘to sit, settle’)

• दमे: in (the) house
• दमे: अधिकरण (स्थान: ‘in the house’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘house, household’)

• दमे: in each house
• दमे: अधिकरण (वितरण: ‘in each house’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम (प्रातिपदिक)

• कविः: the seer, the wise
• कविः: कर्ता (यः इत्यस्य विशेषण/समनाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seer, sage, wise one’)

• गृहपतिः: house-lord, master of the house
• गृहपतिः: कर्ता (कविः इत्यस्य समनाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहपति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lord of the house’)

• युवा: young (youthful)
• युवा: कर्ता (समनाधिकरणम्—‘being young’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: युवन्/युवा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘young’)