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Rig Veda 7.11.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 11, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.11

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 7)
Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ; also as gatherer of Viśve Devāḥ)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; hymn of Maṇḍala 7 commonly in Triṣṭubh—needs metrical verification by syllable count)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

महाँ अस्यध्वरस्य प्रकेतो न ऋते त्वदमृता मादयन्ते । आ विश्वेभिः सरथं याहि देवैर्न्यग्ने होता प्रथमः सदेह ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.11.1
Transliteration

mahā́m asyádhvarásya praketó ná ṛté tvád amṛ́tā mādayante | ā́ víśvebhiḥ sárathaṃ yāhi deváir ní agne hótā prathamáḥ sádehá ||

Translation

O Agni, you are the vast discerning consciousness of this sacrifice; without you the immortal Powers do not enter into their delight. Come here with all the gods in one accord and on one chariot; sit down here as the first priest, the forerunner of the offering.

Word by Word
म॒हाँgreat
म॒हाँ:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण कर्तृसम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *megʰ-
अस्यof this
अस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अध्व॒रस्य॑of the sacrifice/rite
अध्व॒रस्य॑:
Sambandha (genitive; of the rite/sacrifice)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रके॒तःthe perceiver/manifest one; the wise guide
प्रके॒तः:
Kartā (नामपद; ‘(thou art) the manifest/knower’)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकेत (प्रातिपदिक) = प्र-√चित्/केत् ‘to notice, appear’ (वेदिक ‘insight, manifestation’)
नnot; (with ऋते) ‘except’
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
ऋ॒तेwithout; except
ऋ॒ते:
Apādāna (exclusion: ‘apart from’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते (अव्यय; from √ऋ/ऋत ‘to go/fit’ > ‘apart from’)
त्वत्from you; than you
त्वत्:
Apādāna (source/exclusion with ऋते)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अ॒मृता॑the immortals (gods)
अ॒मृता॑:
Kartā (of मादयन्ते)
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
मादयन्तेrejoice; are exhilarated
मादयन्ते:
Kriyā (predicate; action of the subject)
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (मदँ) ‘to be exhilarated, rejoice’
आhither; towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विश्वे॑भिःwith all
विश्वे॑भिः:
Karaṇa/Sahakāri (instrumental of accompaniment: ‘with all (the gods)’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
स॒रथं॑together in one chariot
स॒रथं॑:
Adhikaraṇa (manner/association; ‘in one chariot, together’)
TypeAdverbial (indeclinable-like accusative)
Rootसरथ (प्रातिपदिक) = स-रथ ‘having the same chariot; together in one chariot’
याहिcome; drive
याहि:
Kriyā (imperative)
TypeVerb
Root√या (याऽ) ‘to go’
दे॒वैःwith the gods
दे॒वैः:
Karaṇa/Sahakāri (with the gods)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown; in
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest; invoker
होता:
Kartā (apposition to Agni)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’)
प्रथ॒मःfirst; foremost
प्रथ॒मः:
Kartā (as qualifier in apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
स॒दे॒हsit down; take your seat
स॒दे॒ह:
Kriyā (imperative)
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (षदँ) ‘to sit’
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