Rig Veda 5.41.11: Mandala 5, Sukta 41, Mantra 11

Sukta 5.41

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Rudra (Rudriya aspect) and Bhaga; with protective invocation of Waters, Plants, Heaven, Forests, Mountains

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कथा महे रुद्रियाय ब्रवाम कद्राये चिकितुषे भगाय । आप ओषधीरुत नोऽवन्तु द्यौर्वना गिरयो वृक्षकेशाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.41.11

Transliteration

kathā mahé rudriyā́ya bravāma kadrā́ye cikitúṣe bhágāya | ā́pa óṣadhīr utá no’vantu dyáur vánā giráyo vṛkṣakéśāḥ ||

Translation

How shall we speak to the Great one of Rudra’s power, and to Bhaga the knower, for the giving of delight? May the Waters and the healing plants protect us; may Heaven, the forests, and the mountains with tree-hair guard and shelter our path.

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Word by Word

• कथा: how? in what way?
• कथा: Adhikaraṇa (प्रकार/रीति-प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथा (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• महे: to the great (one)
• महे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रुद्रियाय: to Rudra / to the Rudrian (deity)
• रुद्रियाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रुद्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; रुद्र-सम्बन्धी)

• ब्रवाम: may we speak / let us say
• ब्रवाम: Kriyā (वाक्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)

• कद्राये: to the brown/dusky one
• कद्राये: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कद्र (प्रातिपदिक; विशेषण)

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: (निपात; अर्थ-प्रबलन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय)

• चिकितुषे: to the discerning/wise one
• चिकितुषे: Sampradāna
• Type: Participle (Adjective/Noun)
• Root: चिकितुष् (कृदन्त; √चित्/चिकित् ‘to perceive/understand’)

• भगाय: to Bhaga (the distributor of fortune)
• भगाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: भग (प्रातिपदिक)

• आपः: the waters
• आपः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ओषधीः: plants, healing herbs
• ओषधीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and, also
• उत: (निपात; समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (अव्यय)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अवन्तु: may they protect/help
• अवन्तु: Kriyā (वाक्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् (धातु)

• द्यौः: Heaven, the Sky
• द्यौः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वना: forests, woods
• वना: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)

• गिरयः: mountains
• गिरयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृक्षकेशाः: tree-haired (i.e., with trees as their hair), wooded
• वृक्षकेशाः: Kartā (गिरयः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (Compound)
• Root: वृक्ष-केश (समास; वृक्ष ‘tree’ + केश ‘hair’)