Rig Veda 3.22.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 22, Mantra 5

Sukta 3.22

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.22–3.23 complex; family book of Viśvāmitra)

Devata: Agni (with Iḷā invoked as allied power of inspired speech/insight)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; standard for much of RV 3; confirm with pada-count/metrical scan in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इळामग्ने पुरुदंसं सनिं गोः शश्वत्तमं हवमानाय साध । स्यान्नः सूनुस्तनयो विजावाग्ने सा ते सुमतिर्भूत्वस्मे ॥

Transliteration

iḷā́m agne puru-daṃsáṃ saníṃ góḥ śaśvat-tamáṃ havamānāya sādha | syān naḥ sūnús tanáyo vijā́vāgne sā́ te su-matír bhūtv asmè ||

Translation

O Agni, accomplish for the one who calls thee the Ila—full of luminous insight—rich in manifold workings, the ever-enduring winning of the Rays (go); may there be for us a son, a child, victorious in births and growth. May that be thy happy-minded grace for us.

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Word by Word

• इळाम्: Iḷā (the goddess of nourishment/oblation)
• इळाम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरुदंसम्: much-wondrous, of many feats
• पुरुदंसम्: विशेषण (कर्मणि) / कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरुदंस (प्रातिपदिक; पुरु- + दंस)

• सनिम्: winning, acquisition
• सनिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सनि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gain, winning’)

• गोः: of cattle (of the cow)
• गोः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• शश्वत्तमम्: most continual, ever-lasting
• शश्वत्तमम्: विशेषण (कर्मणि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शश्वत् (अव्यय/विशेषण) + -तम (तमप्)

• हवमानाय: to the one who is invoking (the worshipper)
• हवमानाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वा) ‘to call’ → हवमान (वर्तमानकृदन्त)

• साध: accomplish! grant success!
• साध: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √साध् ‘to accomplish, make succeed’

• स्यात्: may there be
• स्यात्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘to be’

• नः: of us, our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• सूनुः: son
• सूनुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• तनयः: offspring
• तनयः: कर्तृ (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनय (प्रातिपदिक)

• विजावा: swift/impetuous (in onset), vigorous
• विजावा: विशेषण (कर्तरि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विजाव (प्रातिपदिक; वि- + जाव ‘swift/impetuous’)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सा: that (she/it)
• सा: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• ते: your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• सुमतिः: good thought, favor
• सुमतिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमति (प्रातिपदिक; सु- + मति)

• भूतु: let it be, may it become
• भूतु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू ‘to be, become’

• अस्मे: for us
• अस्मे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)