Rig Veda 2.13.8: Mandala 2, Sukta 13, Mantra 8

Sukta 2.13

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो नार्मरं सहवसुं निहन्तवे पृक्षाय च दासवेशाय चावहः । ऊर्जयन्त्या अपरिविष्टमास्यमुतैवाद्य पुरुकृत्सास्युक्थ्यः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.13.8

Transliteration

yó nā́rmaráṃ sahávasuṃ níhantave pṛkṣā́ya ca dā́sa-veśāya cā́vahaḥ | ūrjáyantyā apari-viṣṭam ā́syam utáivā́dya puru-kṛ́t sá āsy ukthyáḥ ||

Translation

You brought (help) to strike down Narmara, the one rich in force, for Pṛkṣa and for Dāsa-veśa. From the strengthening power you brought an unblocked mouth—yes, even today you are the doer of many acts; he indeed is the true subject of the hymn.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• अर्मरम्: Armar(a) (a foe/dasyu, proper name)
• अर्मरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्मर (प्रातिपदिक; दस्यु/शत्रु-नाम)

• सहवसुम्: Sahavasu (a foe/dasyu, proper name)
• सहवसुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहवसु (प्रातिपदिक; दस्यु/शत्रु-नाम)

• निहन्तवे: to strike down, to slay
• निहन्तवे: Prayojana (उद्देश्य) / Karma-arthaka
• Type: Verbal noun (infinitive) / Kṛdanta
• Root: नि + हन् (धातु) → निहन्तृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• पृक्षाय: for Pṛkṣa (proper name)
• पृक्षाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृक्षा (प्रातिपदिक; दस्यु/शत्रु-नाम)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• दासवे॑शाय: for Dāsaveśa (proper name)
• दासवे॑शाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: दासवे॑श (प्रातिपदिक; दस्यु/शत्रु-नाम)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• आवहः: you brought / you conveyed
• आवहः: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) संबद्धः कर्ता = ‘त्वम्’
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + वह् (धातु)

• ऊर्जयन्त्याः: from the invigorating (one/force)
• ऊर्जयन्त्याः: Apādāna (from) / Hetu (by means of) संदर्भे
• Type: Participle (f.)
• Root: ऊर्जयन्ती (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √ऊर्ज्/ऊर्जय् ‘to strengthen, invigorate’)

• अपरिविष्टम्: not hemmed in, unobstructed
• अपरिविष्टम्: Karma (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: अ + परि + विष्/वेश् (धातु) → परिविष्ट (कृदन्त) + अ- (निषेध)

• आस्यम्: mouth, face
• आस्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आस्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (निपात)

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)

• पुरुकृत्सासि: you are (one) of many deeds
• पुरुकृत्सासि: Kriyā (असि) + Kartā (त्वम्) / विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective + Verb
• Root: पुरु-कृत्स (प्रातिपदिक; ‘much-doing, of many deeds’) + अस् (धातु)

• अस्य: of this
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उक्थ्यः: worthy of the uktha (hymn of praise)
• उक्थ्यः: Kartā (सम्बन्धे/विशेष्ये) / विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘praiseworthy with hymns/uktha’)