Rig Veda 1.80.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 80, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.80

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa (Gautama) (traditional for RV 1.80)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (predominant in Indra hymns; this verse is triṣṭubh-like in length and cadence)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इत्था हि सोम इन्मदे ब्रह्मा चकार वर्धनम् । शविष्ठ वज्रिन्नोजसा पृथिव्या निः शशा अहिमर्चन्ननु स्वराज्यम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.80.1

Transliteration

itthā́ hí somá ín máde brahmā́ cakā́ra várdhanam | śáviṣṭha vajrinn ójasā pṛthivyā́ níḥ śaśā́ áhím arcán ánu sva-rā́jyam ||

Translation

Thus indeed, in the ecstasy of Soma, the inspired word forged thy increase; O most mighty Vajrin, by thy force thou didst cast out from the earth the coiling Obstructor, chanting forth into thy self-sovereignty.

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Word by Word

• इ॒त्था: thus, in this manner
• इ॒त्था: Adhikaraṇa (प्रकार/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इ॒त्था (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• सोमः: Soma (the soma/its deity)
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: just, indeed
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• मदे: in intoxication/rapture
• मदे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्मा: the sacred formulation/prayer (brahman)
• ब्रह्मा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चकार: made, fashioned
• चकार: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• वर्धनम्: increase, strengthening
• वर्धनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्धन (प्रातिपदिक; √वृध्-सम्बद्ध)

• शविष्ठ: O most mighty
• शविष्ठ: — (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शविष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शव’/‘शवस्’ से, अतिशय)

• वज्रिन्: O wielder of the vajra
• वज्रिन्: — (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ओजसा: with might/strength
• ओजसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पृथिव्याः: from the earth
• पृथिव्याः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• निः: out, forth
• निः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• शशाः: drove out, expelled
• शशाः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: शश् (धातु)

• अहिम्: the serpent (Ahi)
• अहिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्चन्: praising, chanting
• अर्चन्: Kartā (सह-क्रिया/अनुक्रम)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)

• अनु: after, following
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• स्वराज्यम्: self-rule, sovereignty
• स्वराज्यम्: Karma (प्राप्त्यर्थे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)