Rig Veda 1.113.11: Mandala 1, Sukta 113, Mantra 11

Sukta 1.113

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditionally for RV 1.113)

Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईयुष्टे ये पूर्वतरामपश्यन्व्युच्छन्तीमुषसं मर्त्यासः । अस्माभिरू नु प्रतिचक्ष्याभूदो ते यन्ति ये अपरीषु पश्यान् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.113.11

Transliteration

īyúṣ ṭe yé pū́rvatārām ápaśyan vyucchántīm uṣásaṁ mártyāsaḥ | asmā́bhir ū́ nú praticákṣyā abhūd ó te yánti yé aparī́ṣu páśyān ||

Translation

They have gone—those mortals who saw the earlier Dawn as she dawned forth. Now she has become visible to us in return; but those pass on who, even while seeing, remain in the farther distances.

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Word by Word

• ईयुः: they have gone / they went
• ईयुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु) → परस्मैपद परिपूर्ण (इयाय/ईय)

• ते: those (men)
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (संबन्ध-सर्वनाम)

• पूर्वतराम्: earlier / more former
• पूर्वतराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तर (तुलनार्थक प्रत्यय)

• अपश्यन्: they saw
• अपश्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) (पश्यति)

• व्युच्छन्तीम्: dawning forth, shining out
• व्युच्छन्तीम्: Karma
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: वि + उच्छ् (धातु) / उच्छति ‘to dawn, shine forth’ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• उषसम्: Uṣas (Dawn)
• उषसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्त्यासः: mortals
• मर्त्यासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्माभिः: by us / with us
• अस्माभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• उ: indeed, just
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• नु: now, then
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (निपात)

• प्रति: towards, in return
• प्रति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• चक्ष्या: (our) sight/seeing; visibility
• चक्ष्या: Kartā
• Type: Noun (action-noun) / verbal noun
• Root: चक्ष् (धातु) ‘to see’ → चक्ष्य (भविष्यत्/विधिलिङ्-आधार) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभूत्: has become / became
• अभूत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• उ: indeed
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• ते: those
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• यन्ति: they go
• यन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) ‘to go’

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (संबन्ध-सर्वनाम)

• अपरीषु: in the later (times) / among those that come after
• अपरीषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective (locative plural)
• Root: अपरी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘later/after, coming behind’)

• पश्यान्: seeing (beholding)
• पश्यान्: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: दृश् (धातु) → पश्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)