Rig Veda 1.105.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 105, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.105

Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.105)

Devata: Indra (with the refrain invoking Rodasī as witnessing powers; hymn context includes cosmic order and divine help)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable cadence typical for many verses in this hymn)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अर्थमिद्वा उ अर्थिन आ जाया युवते पतिम् । तुञ्जाते वृष्ण्यं पयः परिदाय रसं दुहे वित्तं मे अस्य रोदसी ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.105.2

Transliteration

ártham íd vā u arthína ā jāyā yuvaté pátim | tuñjā́te vṛ́ṣṇyaṃ páyaḥ paridā́ya rásaṃ duhē vittáṃ me asyá rodasī ||

Translation

As the seeker of the true gain, the soul (as bride) comes to the youthful Lord; pressing out the virile milk of strength, she pours it all around and milks its essence—O Heaven and Earth, know this inner treasure that is mine.

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Word by Word

• अर्थम्: aim/benefit (object)
• अर्थम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा अर्थ (नाम)

• इत्: indeed/just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• वा: or
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• उ: indeed/now (emphatic particle)
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• अर्थिनः: the needy/seekers (of gain)
• अर्थिनः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अर्थिन् (प्रातिपदिक; अर्थ + इन्)

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• जायाः: wives
• जायाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाया (प्रातिपदिक)

• युवते: they attach themselves/they go
• युवते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb (finite, Vedic usage) / Kṛdanta-based form
• Root: यु (धातु; यु- ‘to join/attach’), युवत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) → युवते (वेदिक रूप)

• पतिम्: husband/lord
• पतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुञ्जाते: they urge/impel
• तुञ्जाते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुज् (धातु; ‘to urge/impel/strike’)

• वृष्ण्यम्: strong/virile
• वृष्ण्यम्: विशेषण (कर्म-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक; वृषन्-सम्बद्ध ‘bull-like, virile, strong’)

• पयः: milk/juice
• पयः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• परिदाय: having given (all around/fully)
• परिदाय: पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
• Type: Verbal indeclinable (gerund)
• Root: परि-दा (धातु; दा ‘to give’ with उपसर्ग परि-)

• रसम्: sap/essence/juice
• रसम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुहे: she milks
• दुहे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु; ‘to milk’)

• वित्तम्: wealth/possession
• वित्तम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वित्त (प्रातिपदिक; √विद् ‘to find/know’ → ‘acquired, wealth’)

• मे: of me/my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• अस्य: of this/of him
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• रोदसी: Heaven and Earth (the two worlds)
• रोदसी: कर्तृ/अधिकारण (प्रसङ्गानुसार)
• Type: Noun (dual collective)
• Root: रोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; ‘heaven-and-earth’)