Rig Veda 8.10.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 10, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.10
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; implied by hymn context; explicit in 8.10.2)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्या न्वश्विना हुवे सुदंससा गृभे कृता । ययोरस्ति प्र णः सख्यं देवेष्वध्याप्यम् ॥
Transliteration
tyā́ nv àśvinā huve sudáṃsasā gṛbhé kṛtā́ | yáyor ásti prá ṇaḥ sakhyáṃ devéṣv ádhy ā́pyam ||
Translation
Those two Ashvins I call, the well-working, established in our grasp; for with them there is for us a friendship that reaches into the gods, a kinship in the waters of being.
Word by Word
त्यान्those (them)
त्यान्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त्य (वेदिक निर्देश/अनाफोरिक रूप)
नुnow; indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
अश्विनाthe two Aśvins
अश्विना:
कर्म
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक; अश्विनौ)
हुवेI call/invoke
हुवे:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘आह्वाने’
सुदंससाof good deeds; very skillful
सुदंससा:
कर्म (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootसु-दंसस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सु’ + ‘दंसस्’ = उत्तम-कार्य/कौशल)
गृभेin the house; at home
गृभे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootगृह (प्रातिपदिक)
कृताmade; prepared
कृता:
— (विशेषण/विधेय-भाव)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Root√कृ ‘करणे’ → कृत (कृदन्त)
ययोःof whom (of the two)
ययोः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘भुवि’
प्रforth; forward; fully
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
नःof us; our
नः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सख्यम्friendship; alliance
सख्यम्:
कर्ता/विषय (अस्ति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक; सखि-भाव)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अध्याप्यम्to be attained/secured (for us) among the gods
अध्याप्यम्:
— (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Participle (gerundive sense)
Rootअधि-√आप् ‘प्राप्तौ’ → आप्य (कृदन्त) ; वेदिक ‘अध्याप्य’ = ‘अधि-आप्य’
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