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Rig Veda 7.49.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 49, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.49

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Āpaḥ (Waters)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh

समुद्रज्येष्ठाः सलिलस्य मध्यात्पुनाना यन्त्यनिविशमानाः । इन्द्रो या वज्री वृषभो रराद ता आपो देवीरिह मामवन्तु ॥

samudrá-jyeṣṭhāḥ salilásya mádhyāt punānā́ yánty aní-viśamānāḥ | índro yā́ vajrī́ vṛṣabhó rarā́da tā́ ā́po devī́r ihá mām avantu ||

Eldest in the ocean, from the midst of the waters, purifying, they move on without settling into any fixed place. Those Waters whom Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt, the Bull, has made to resound—may those divine Waters protect me here.

समुद्र(in/connected with) the ocean
समुद्र:
Adhikaraṇa (संबन्ध/आधार-निर्देशः) — ‘समुद्रे’ इत्यर्थे वैदिक-प्रयोगः
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) < सम्-उद्-√दृ/द्रु (निघण्टु-व्युत्पत्त्यनुसारं) स्थिर-प्रातिपदिक
ज्येष्ठाःeldest, most eminent
ज्येष्ठाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः (देवीः) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < ज्यायस्/ज्येष्ठ (श्रेष्ठ/वरिष्ठ)
सलिलस्यof the waters, of the flood
सलिलस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी) — ‘of the water/flood’
TypeNoun
Rootसलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
मध्यात्from the midst
मध्यात्:
Apādāna — ‘from the middle’
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
पुनानाःpurifying themselves / being purified
पुनानाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः इत्यस्य
TypeParticiple (Adjective-like)
Root√पू (पूञ् पवने/शोधने) → पुनान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
यन्तिthey go, they flow
यन्ति:
Kriyā (कर्तृ-क्रिया) — आपः गच्छन्ति
TypeVerb
Root√या (या गतौ)
अनिविशमानाःnot settling/halting (ever-moving)
अनिविशमानाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः इत्यस्य
TypeParticiple (Adjective-like)
Rootअन्- + नि-√विश् (विश् प्रवेशने/निवेशने) → निविशमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (अग्राम्य-कर्तृ) — ‘इन्द्रः … रराद’
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwhich, those (f.)
याः:
Kartā/Pratiyogin (सम्बन्ध-निर्देशः) — ‘those (waters) which…’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वज्रीthe wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्री:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — इन्द्रस्य
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक) < वज्र + इन्
वृषभःbull (mighty one)
वृषभः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — इन्द्रस्य
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
ररादhas bestowed, granted
रराद:
Kriyā — ‘granted/bestowed’
TypeVerb
Root√रा/√रद् (वैदिकः: दाने/प्रदान-भावे ‘to grant/bestow’) → रराद (परिपूर्ण-रूप)
ताःthose (f.)
ताः:
Kartā (अन्वय-ग्रहणम्) — ‘those (waters)’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आपःthe waters
आपः:
Kartā — ‘the waters’
TypeNoun
Rootआप्/आपस् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)
देवीःgoddesses, divine
देवीः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्) — आपः
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक) < देव + ई
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (देश) — ‘here’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma — ‘me’ (object of अवन्तु)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अवन्तुmay they protect/help
अवन्तु:
Kriyā — ‘may they protect’
TypeVerb
Root√अव् (अव रक्षणे/पालने)

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