Rig Veda 6.44.7: Mandala 6, Sukta 44, Mantra 7

Sukta 6.44

Rishi: Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya) tradition

Devata: Indra (with comparison to Mitra; and ‘gods’ as collective powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अविदद्दक्षं मित्रो नवीयान्पपानो देवेभ्यो वस्यो अचैत् । ससवान्त्स्तौलाभिर्धौतरीभिरुरुष्या पायुरभवत्सखिभ्यः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 6.44.7

Transliteration

ávidad dákṣaṃ mitró navī́yān papā́no devébhyo vásyo acait | sasavā́nts staulā́bhir dhautarī́bhir uruṣyā́ pāyúr abhavat sákhībhyaḥ ||

Translation

He found the right skill and discernment, like Mitra ever-new; drinking, he perceived what is better for the gods. Winning with firm and purified means, he became a wide protection, a guardian for his comrades.

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Word by Word

• अविदत्: found / discovered
• अविदत्: (क्रिया) मुख्य क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विदँ) ‘to find/know’

• दक्षम्: skill; power
• दक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) ‘skill, ability, power’

• मित्रः: Mitra
• मित्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Mitra’

• नवीयान्: newer; more recent
• नवीयान्: Kartā (विशेषण) / Sambandha to subject
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव (प्रातिपदिक); तुलनात्मक-प्रत्यय -īyas (नवीयस) ‘newer’

• पपानः: having drunk; drinking (after drinking)
• पपानः: Kartā (विशेषण/सहक्रिया)
• Type: Verbal adjective (participle)
• Root: √पा (पिबति) ‘to drink’

• देवेभ्यः: to/for the gods
• देवेभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) ‘god’

• वस्यः: a better thing; a boon; something excellent
• वस्यः: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (comparative neuter used substantively)
• Root: वस्/वस्य (प्रातिपदिक) ‘better, more excellent; boon’ (comparative/neutral usage)

• अचैत्: perceived; noticed; understood
• अचैत्: (क्रिया) सहक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (चेतति) ‘to perceive, notice, understand’

• ससवान्: having pressed/produced (Soma); having set in motion
• ससवान्: Kartā (विशेषण/सहक्रिया)
• Type: Verbal adjective (participle)
• Root: √सू (सुवति) ‘to press out/produce (Soma)’ → reduplicated perfect/participle base ससव-

• स्तौलाभिः: with praises; with laudations
• स्तौलाभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तौला (प्रातिपदिक) ‘(with) praises/lofty hymns’ (instrumental plural form)

• धौतरीभिः: with purifying (chants); with cleansing (means)
• धौतरीभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: धौतरी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘purifying/cleansing (songs/means)’ (instr. pl.)

• उरुष्याः: protection; shelter
• उरुष्याः: Kartā (of भवत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरुष्य (प्रातिपदिक) ‘protection, shelter’

• पायुः: a protector; guardian
• पायुः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘protector, guardian’

• अभवत्: became
• अभवत्: (क्रिया) मुख्य क्रिया (द्वितीय पादे)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति) ‘to be, become’

• सखिभ्यः: for the friends
• सखिभ्यः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘friend’