Rig Veda 5.38.3 — Mandala 5, Sukta 38, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.38
Devata: Indra (with a dual-allied deity implied by devāu; exact pair uncertain from isolated verse)
Chandas: Gayatri (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शुष्मासो ये ते अद्रिवो मेहना केतसापः । उभा देवावभिष्टये दिवश्च ग्मश्च राजथः ॥
Transliteration
śúṣmāso yé te adrivo mehánā ketá-sāpaḥ | ubhā́ devā́v abhiṣṭáye diváś ca gmáś ca rājathaḥ ||
Translation
Those powers of force that are yours, O lord of the stone, that pour and seize by the conscious sign—by them you, the two gods, rule for our help both heaven and the marching earth-field.
Word by Word
शुष्मासःmighty powers/impulses
शुष्मासः:
कर्तृ (विशेष्य-सम्बन्धः; ‘ये’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
येwho/which
ये:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धवाचकः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेthose (of you)
ते:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः; ‘ये’ इत्यस्य अन्वयः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्रिवोO wielder of the stone/pressing-stone (Indra)
अद्रिवो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootअद्रिवन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अद्रि’+‘वन्’)
मेहनाःpourers/emitters; vigorous ones
मेहनाः:
कर्तृ (शुष्मासः…मेहनाः—समनाधिकरणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootमेहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
केतसापःhaving/attaining insight (wise, purposeful)
केतसापः:
कर्तृ (पूर्वपदानां विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootकेतसाप् (प्रातिपदिक; केतस- + आप्/आप्- ‘to attain/obtain’ से व्युत्पन्न बहुव्रीहिः/तत्पुरुषः)
उभाboth
उभा:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवौthe two gods
देवौ:
कर्तृ (उभा देवौ)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिष्टयेfor help/assistance
अभिष्टये:
सम्प्रदान (for the aid/help)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
दिवःof heaven/sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of heaven/sky’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
ग्मःof earth/ground
ग्मः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of earth/ground’)
TypeNoun
Rootग्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ग्म’ = पृथिवी/भूमि, वैदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
राजथःyou two rule/reign
राजथः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: उभा देवौ)
TypeVerb
Rootराज् (धातु)
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