Rig Veda 4.41.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 41, Mantra 3

Sukta 4.41

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra-Varuṇa (dual)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इन्द्रा ह रत्नं वरुणा धेष्ठेत्था नृभ्यः शशमानेभ्यस्ता । यदी सखाया सख्याय सोमैः सुतेभिः सुप्रयसा मादयैते ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.41.3

Transliteration

índrā ha rátnaṃ váruṇā dhéṣṭhe ítthā nṛ́-bhyaḥ śaśamānébhyas tā́ | yadī́ sákhāyā sakhyā́ya sómaiḥ sutébhiḥ su-prayásā mā́dayaite ||

Translation

Indra and Varuṇa indeed place the treasure in this way for men who strive and labour; when the two friends, for the sake of friendship, take delight with the pressed Soma-waves, rich in a beautiful offering-energy.

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Word by Word

• इन्द्रा: O Indra (addressed, with Varuṇa)
• इन्द्रा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वरुणा: O Varuṇa (addressed, with Indra)
• वरुणा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• रत्नम्: treasure, precious gift
• रत्नम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• धेष्ठे: you two bestow / place
• धेष्ठे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु) / धे (वैदिक रूप)

• इत्था: thus, in this manner
• इत्था: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत्था

• नृभ्यः: to men, to heroes
• नृभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• शशमानेभ्यः: to the striving/zealous (worshipping) ones
• शशमानेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: शम् (धातु) → शशमान (कृदन्त, परिपूर्ण/परिपक्व अर्थ: ‘शान्त/समर्पित’)

• अस्ताः: you two are
• अस्ताः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु) → सन्त्/अस्त् (वैदिक रूप)

• यदि: when, if
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• सखायौ: the two friends
• सखायौ: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सख्याय: for friendship, for companionship
• सख्याय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमैः: with soma (draughts)
• सोमैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुतेभिः: with the pressed (soma-juices)
• सुतेभिः: करण
• Type: Participle used as adjective/noun
• Root: सु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त ‘pressed’)

• सुप्रयसा: with good refreshment/strength
• सुप्रयसा: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुप्रयस् (प्रातिपदिक: सु- + प्रयस् ‘refreshment/strength’)

• मादयैते: you two become exhilarated / rejoice
• मादयैते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु) → मादय (णिच् causative stem)