Rig Veda 3.33.13: Mandala 3, Sukta 33, Mantra 13
Sukta 3.33
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Āpaḥ (Waters) as liberating powers
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (shorter cadence; possibly a catalectic/irregular triṣṭubh segment)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उद्व ऊर्मिः शम्या हन्त्वापो योक्त्राणि मुञ्चत । मादुष्कृतौ व्येनसाघ्न्यौ शूनमारताम् ॥
Transliteration
úd va ūŕmiḥ śámyā hantu ā́po yóktrāṇi muñcata | mā́ duṣ-kṛtáu ví-enasā́ghnyau śū́nam ā́ aratām ||
Translation
Let the rising wave strike away the wooden stakes; O Waters, loosen the yokes. Let not the two guiltless ones be harmed through ill-doing or fault; let them come to safety and well-being.
Word by Word
उद्up, forth
उद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउद् (उपसर्ग) / ud (preverb)
वःof you (your)
वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitival)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊर्मिःwave, surge
ऊर्मिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootऊर्मि- (प्रातिपदिक)
शम्याwith a peg/pin (shamyā; a fastening-pin)
शम्या:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootशम्या- (प्रातिपदिक)
हन्तुlet (it) strike/smite
हन्तु:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
आपःthe waters
आपः:
कर्तृ (of ‘मुञ्चत’) / संबोधन-सदृश (addressed waters)
TypeNoun
Rootअप्/आप्- (प्रातिपदिक)
योक्त्राणिyoke-straps, thongs
योक्त्राणि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयोक्त्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
मुञ्चतrelease, loosen
मुञ्चत:
—
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध)
दुष्कृतौin misdeed, in wrongdoing
दुष्कृतौ:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृति- (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, asunder, away
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) / vi (preverb)
एनसाby sin, by fault
एनसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootएनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
अघ्न्यौthe two ‘not-to-be-slain’ ones (holy cows; here: the two rivers)
अघ्न्यौ:
कर्तृ (of ‘अराताम्’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (dual epithet)
Rootअघ्न्या- (प्रातिपदिक)
शूनम्harmlessly, without injury
शूनम्:
कर्म-प्रवचनीय/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootशून- (प्रातिपदिक)
अराताम्let the two grant/allow (passage)
अराताम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootरि/रा (धातु) with preverb आ-; Vedic injunctive/aorist formation
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