Rig Veda 2.34.8: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 8

Sukta 2.34

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Maruts (with Bhaga as attendant power)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यद्युञ्जते मरुतो रुक्मवक्षसोऽश्वान्रथेषु भग आ सुदानवः । धेनुर्न शिश्वे स्वसरेषु पिन्वते जनाय रातहविषे महीमिषम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.34.8

Transliteration

yád yuñjáte marúto rukmá-vakṣaso ’śvā́n rátheṣu bhága ā́ su-dā́navaḥ | dhenúr ná śíśve svásareṣu pinvate jánāya rā́ta-haviṣe mahī́m íṣam ||

Translation

When the Maruts with golden breasts yoke their horses on the chariots, then Fortune comes near with her good gifts. Like a cow to her calf she swells in her own streams, giving to the people who offer the oblation a vast impulsion of force.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (काल-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द

• युञ्जते: they yoke / harness
• युञ्जते: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (युजँ योगे)

• मरुतः: the Maruts
• मरुतः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रुक्मवक्षसः: golden-breasted (wearing golden ornaments on the chest)
• रुक्मवक्षसः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुक्म-वक्षस् (समासः: रुक्म + वक्षस्)

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथेषु: on/in the chariots
• रथेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• भगः: Bhaga (the distributor of fortune)
• भगः: Kartā (अन्तरङ्ग-कर्तृ/उपमान-कर्तृ; ‘as Bhaga’/‘like Bhaga’ भावः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भग (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; forth
• आ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• सुदानवः: very generous / good givers
• सुदानवः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दानु (समासः/उपपद-विशेषणम्; दानु/दानवन्-सम्बद्धः) अथवा सुदानु (प्रातिपदिक)

• धेनुः: a milch-cow
• धेनुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like
• न: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात)

• शिश्वे: to the calf/young one
• शिश्वे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिश्वि/शिश्व (प्रातिपदिक; वेद. ‘शिश्व’ = बछड़ा/युवा) अथवा शिशु-सम्बद्धः

• स्वसरेषु: among the sisters
• स्वसरेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वसर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्वसर्’ = सहोदर-भगिनी/स्वसा; वेद. रूप)

• पिन्वते: swells; is made to flow; is stimulated
• पिन्वते: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पिव्/पिन्व् (पिन्वँ संवर्धने/प्रेरणे)

• जनाय: for the people
• जनाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)

• रातहविषे: for (him) whose oblation is given/offered
• रातहविषे: Sampradāna (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रात-हविस् (समासः: रात ‘दत्त’ + हविस् ‘हविः’)

• महीम्: great
• महीम्: Karma (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मह्’ से) / महत्-सम्बद्ध

• इषम्: refreshment; nourishment; strength
• इषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्/इषा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘इष्’ = बल/आहार/समृद्धि)