Rig Veda 1.3.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.3

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; RV 1.3 commonly under this seer-family in the early Agni/Āprī-like opening sequence)

Devata: Aśvinau (the two Aśvins)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अश्विना पुरुदंससा नरा शवीरया धिया । धिष्ण्या वनतं गिरः ॥

Transliteration

aśvinā́ purúdaṃsasā nárā śávīrayā dhiyā́ | dhiṣṇyā́ vánataṃ gíraḥ ||

Translation

O Ashvins, you two heroic powers of many effective workings, come with the strong and luminous intelligence; you who are firmly established in the right action, incline towards (accept) our inspired utterances.

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Word by Word

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (the two horsemen gods)
• अश्विना: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (Dual proper noun)
• Root: अश्विन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अश्व’ से व्युत्पन्न) / अश्विन् (देव-नाम)

• पुरुदंससा: of many wondrous deeds
• पुरुदंससा: कर्तृ (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: पुरु- + दंसस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘बहु’ + ‘कर्म/कौशल/उपकार’)

• नरा: O two men/heroic ones
• नरा: कर्तृ (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Noun (appositional epithet)
• Root: नर- (प्रातिपदिक)

• शवीरया: with strong/heroic
• शवीरया: करण
• Type: Adjective (instrumental qualifier)
• Root: शवीर- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शवस्/शव’ बल से सम्बन्धित)

• धिया: thought, insight, prayer
• धिया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी- (प्रातिपदिक)

• धिष्ण्या: O mighty/impelling ones
• धिष्ण्या: कर्तृ (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Adjective (vocative/epithet)
• Root: धिष्ण्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘धिष्ण’/‘धिषण’ से ‘बलवान्/प्रेरक/पूज्य’ अर्थ)

• वनतं: bow/turn (toward), be gracious
• वनतं: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वन् (वनति = ‘प्रणमति/सेवते/आकाङ्क्षति’; धातु)

• गिरः: songs, hymns
• गिरः: कर्तृ (वनतं इत्यस्य कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्- (प्रातिपदिक)