Atharva Veda 6.49.3: Kanda 6, Anuvaka 5, Sukta 49, Mantra 3

Sukta 49

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सु॒प॒र्णा वाच॑मक्र॒तोप॒ द्यव्या॑ख॒रे कृष्णा॑ इषि॒रा अ॑नर्तिषुः । नि यन्नि॒यन्त्युप॑रस्य॒ निष्कृ॑तिं पु॒रू रेतो॑ दधिरे सूर्य॒श्रितः॑

Sanskrit recitationAtharva Veda 6.49.3

IAST Transliteration

suparṇā́ vā́cam akratópa dyavyā́khare kṛ́ṣṇā iṣirā́ anartiṣuḥ | ní yán niyánty úparasya níṣkṛtim purū́ réto dadhire sū́ryaśritaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The fair-winged made speech; upon the heavenly hollow the black, the swift, bestirred themselves in dance. When they lead down the upper one’s outlet, much seed they have deposited, resting upon the Sun.

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Word by Word

• सुपर्णाः: the fair-winged ones (birds)
• सुपर्णाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाचम्: speech, utterance
• वाचम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक) स्त्री

• अक्रत: they made, they produced
• अक्रत: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• उप: towards, near
• उप: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• द्यवि: in heaven, in the sky
• द्यवि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आखरे: it sounded/was uttered aloud
• आखरे: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-खर्/खर् (धातु) (वेद. ‘उच्चैः शब्दं कर्तुम्/उद्घोषयितुम्’)

• कृष्णाः: the black (ones)
• कृष्णाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• इषिराः: swift, vigorous
• इषिराः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इषिर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनर्तिषुः: they danced, they moved about
• अनर्तिषुः: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नृत् (धातु) + अनु-

• नि: down, in
• नि: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि

• यत्: which, that which
• यत्: कर्म (यत्…तत्-सम्बन्धे) / विषय
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नियन्ति: they restrain, they guide
• नियन्ति: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (धातु) + नि-

• उपरस्य: of the upper (one/region)
• उपरस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: उपर (प्रातिपदिक)

• निष्कृतिम्: release, expiation, deliverance
• निष्कृतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्कृति (प्रातिपदिक) स्त्री

• पुरु: much, abundant
• पुरु: (विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable/Adjective (quantifier)
• Root: पुरु

• रेतः: seed, semen
• रेतः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेतस् (प्रातिपदिक) नपुं

• दधिरे: they placed, they deposited
• दधिरे: (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु)

• सूर्यश्रितः: resting on the sun; sun-supported
• सूर्यश्रितः: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सूर्य-श्रित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; श्रि धातु, क्त)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (rṣi not specified in the provided excerpt)

Devata: Vāc (Speech), Sūrya (as stabilizing support), and the expulsion-path (niṣkṛti)

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī-type (requires full hymn metrical audit)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta