Sukta 49
Sukta 5.49
This short hymn seeks Savit and Bhaga as divine distributors of life-increasing treasure, while inviting the Abvins as daily companions and helpers. It broadens into a collective praise of several deities who generate auspicious days and remove obstacles, ending with a prayer for a wider path and the sustaining support of Heaven and Earth.
In this hymn
Addressed to
Mantras
Mantra 1
देवं वो अद्य सवितारमेषे भगं च रत्नं विभजन्तमायोः । आ वां नरा पुरुभुजा ववृत्यां दिवेदिवे चिदश्विना सखीयन् ॥
आज मैं सविता भगवान को ढूंढ रहा हूँ। भग भी, जो ज़िंदगी के लिए खज़ाना बाँटता है। अश्विन भाइयों, तुम दोनों को मैं रोज़ बुलाता हूँ। तुम्हारी दोस्ती चाहिए मुझे।
Mantra 2
प्रति प्रयाणमसुरस्य विद्वान्त्सूक्तैर्देवं सवितारं दुवस्य । उप ब्रुवीत नमसा विजानञ्ज्येष्ठं च रत्नं विभजन्तमायोः ॥
जब सविता देवता आगे बढ़ते हैं, उनके रास्ते को समझ के उनकी पूजा करो। अच्छे से बनाए गए मंत्र से उन्हें याद करो। नमस्ते के साथ उनके पास बोलो। वही सबसे बड़ा खज़ाना बाँट रहे हैं जो ज़िन्दगी को बढ़ाते हैं।
Mantra 3
अदत्रया दयते वार्याणि पूषा भगो अदितिर्वस्त उस्रः । इन्द्रो विष्णुर्वरुणो मित्रो अग्निरहानि भद्रा जनयन्त दस्माः ॥
पूषन देवता जो चाहिए वो देता रहता है। भग, अदिति और सवेरे की रोशनी हमें बढ़ा देती हैं। इन्द्र, विष्णु, वरुण, मित्र और अग्नि, यह सब शक्तियाँ अच्छे दिन लाती हैं।
Mantra 4
तन्नो अनर्वा सविता वरूथं तत्सिन्धव इषयन्तो अनु ग्मन् । उप यद्वोचे अध्वरस्य होता रायः स्याम पतयो वाजरत्नाः ॥
सविता देवता हमें गलती से बचा लें, वही हमारा सहारा हो। नदियाँ भी उसी रास्ते पर आगे बढ़ें। जब मैं यज्ञ के टाइम मंत्र बोलूँ, हमें बड़ा बनने का वरदान मिले।
Mantra 5
प्र ये वसुभ्य ईवदा नमो दुर्ये मित्रे वरुणे सूक्तवाचः । अवैत्वभ्वं कृणुता वरीयो दिवस्पृथिव्योरवसा मदेम ॥
हमारी बातें आगे बढ़ें और वसु देवतों तक पहुँचें। मित्र और वरुण इन बातों को रोक नहीं सकते। सारे रास्ते साफ हो जाएँ, हमारा काम आसान हो। आसमान और धरती की शक्ति से हम खुश रहें।
Inside Sukta 49
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
A direct seeking of Savit and Bhaga as divine sources of increase and well-distributed treasure, with an intimate turn toward the Aśvins as daily friends.
- Development
The hymn expands from personal petition to a wider, collective vision: multiple deities cooperate to clothe life in growth and to generate auspicious days.
- Climax
The prayer that the gods actively bring forth ƪhāni bhadrā (auspicious days) and bestow desirable boons through undiminishing giving.
- Where it settles
A final request for impediments to sink away, for a freer and wider path, and for gladness sustained by Heaven and Earth.
The deity: Savit and Bhaga
- In the VedaThe Aśvins are called as friendly, day-by-day helpers, while other gods (Pūƺn, Aditi, Uƺs, Indra, Viu, Varuƺ, Mitra, Agni) appear as a supportive constellation of powers that bring auspicious days and well-being.
- Cosmic functionSavit initiates and regulates the rhythms of activity (especially at dawn and daily transitions), while Bhaga distributes prosperity and rightful portions; together they secure increase, good days, and smooth passage through obstacles.
- Inner significanceSavit represents the awakening will and clear impulse toward right action; Bhaga signifies the capacity to receive and rightly share lifes gifts. The Aśvins symbolize restorative energies that accompany the seeker daily, helping to heal, harmonize, and keep one moving on a wider path.
The seer
- Atri (traditional attribution for Mandala 5; treya poets)treya (Atri-gotra) · Atri is a major Vedic seer associated with luminous, life-supporting powers (especially solar and dawn-related themes) and with hymns that emphasize protection, right order, and beneficence.
Famous verses
dive-dive cid aśvinā sakhīyan
ahāni bhadrā janayanta
kutā varīyo
Attributes of the deity
- Impulsion and awakening (Savit)
- Right distribution of fortune and portions (Bhaga)
- Daily companionship and rescue (Aśvins)
- Auspicious day-making and protection (collective deities)
- Obstacle-removal and path-widening
Also by this seer
- Rig Veda Mandala 5 (many hymns in the treya collection, traditionally linked to Atri and his lineage)
- Later tradition associates Atri with the Saptari (Seven Seers) and with foundational gotra lineages in Vedic culture
The rite, step by step
- Purification and quiet settling (acamana/inner recollection of dawn-light)
- Invocation of Savit and Bhaga as givers and apportioners of increase
- Calling the Aśvins for day-by-day friendship, protection, and support in movement and travel
- Collective remembrance of allied deities (Pūƺn, Aditi, Uƺs, Indra, Viu, Varuƺ, Mitra, Agni) for auspicious days and right order
- Concluding prayer: let the vast obstruction fall away; grant a wider path; rest in the fostering power of Heaven and Earth
Offerings
- Ghee (clarified butter) into Agni
- Simple oblations of milk/curds or grains (as per household capacity)
- Water libation and verbal homage (namas) as primary offering of speech
Frequently Asked Questions
Savit is the divine Impeller who awakens and sets life in motion, especially at daily transitions like dawn. Bhaga is the giver who apportions fortune and rightful shares, so the hymn asks them for increase and well-being.
The Aśvins are invoked as friendly helpers ƭay by dayprotecting, restoring, and accompanying the worshipper in daily life. Their presence adds a personal, companionable support to the hymns request for prosperity.
Ask for a good beginning and a good share: may the gods grant prosperity, generate auspicious days, and remove what blocks progress. The hymn ends by seeking a wider, freer path under the sustaining care of Heaven and Earth.
Ask anything about Sukta 49 of the Rig Veda
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