Varaha Purana 39.16: Adhyaya 39, Shloka 16

Discrimination of the Three Bodies and the Dharaṇī Vow: A Manual for Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

स यज्ञैर्विविधैरिष्टैर्दानैर्दत्तैश्च सत्तम । प्राप्यते परमो देवः स्वयं नारायणो हरिः ॥ ३९.१६ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 39.16

Transliteration

sa yajñair vividhair iṣṭair dānair dattaiś ca sattama | prāpyate paramo devaḥ svayaṃ nārāyaṇo hariḥ || 39.16 ||

Translation

Oh el mejor de los virtuosos: mediante diversos sacrificios (yajñas) bien realizados y mediante dones (dānas) otorgados conforme al dharma, se alcanza a la Deidad suprema: Hari, el propio Nārāyaṇa.

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Word by Word

• saḥ: he; that (Lord)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• yajñaiḥ: by sacrifices
• yajñaiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• vividhaiḥ: various
• vividhaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• iṣṭaiḥ: performed; duly offered
• iṣṭaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iṣṭa (कृदन्त; √yaj/इज् + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत (past passive participle)

• dānaiḥ: by gifts/charity
• dānaiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• dattaiḥ: given
• dattaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: datta (कृदन्त; √dā/दा + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• sattama: O best of the good
• sattama: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sat-tama (प्रातिपदिक; sat + tama)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; गुणवाचक-सम्बोधन

• prāpyate: is attained
• prāpyate: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √āp (आप्)
• Form: लट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• paramaḥ: supreme
• paramaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• devaḥ: the God
• devaḥ: Karma (कर्म/Object of passive; attained one)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• svayam: himself
• svayam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/अव्यय (emphatic adverb)

• nārāyaṇaḥ: Nārāyaṇa
• nārāyaṇaḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष्य-समनाधिकरण (apposition)

• hariḥ: Hari
• hariḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष्य-समनाधिकरण

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Dharmaśāstra-related themes

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a common Purāṇic synthesis in which ritual performance (yajña) and ethical giving (dāna) are presented as complementary disciplines within late-classical South Asian religious and social life.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is named in this verse; it is a general statement about ritual and gifting as means toward attaining the supreme deity.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds disciplined ritual action and responsible generosity—well-conducted sacrifices and properly given gifts—as valued ethical practices linked to spiritual attainment.